Description IL-18 (Interleukin-18) is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine belonging to the IL-1 superfamily. It signals through a heterodimeric receptor composed of IL-18Rα (binding chain) and IL-18Rβ (signaling chain), leading to...
Description IL-15 (Interleukin-15) is a pleiotropic cytokine belonging to the common gamma-chain (γc) cytokine family. While structurally similar to IL-2, it exhibits distinct functional properties. It is primarily produced by...
Description IL-12 (Interleukin-12) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine and a member of the IL-12 family, primarily produced by antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells. It is...
Description IL-7 (Interleukin-7) is a cytokine produced by bone marrow stromal cells, thymic epithelial cells, and other cell types. It belongs to the four-helix bundle cytokine family and exerts its...
Description IL-6 (Interleukin-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine secreted by various cell types, including T cells, B cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. It plays a critical role in immune regulation,...
Description IL-4 (Interleukin-4) is a cytokine primarily secreted by Th2 cells, mast cells, and basophils. It functions by binding to receptor complexes such as IL-4Rα/γc or IL-4Rα/IL-13Rα1, activating the JAK-STAT6...
Description Transferrin is an important glycoprotein composed of two domains, each containing an iron-binding site—one at the N-terminus and one at the C-terminus. Each site can bind one Fe³⁺ ion...
Description Transferrin is an important glycoprotein composed of two domains, each containing an iron-binding site—one at the N-terminus and one at the C-terminus. Each site can bind one Fe³⁺ ion...