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Human IL-15, h-IL-15, rh-IL-15, recombinant IL-15, interleukin-16
$198.00
Sku: RP320-10UG
Bcakground
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that regulates T and natural killer cell activation and proliferation. This cytokine and interleukine 2 share many biological activities. (1, 2). Mature human IL-15 protein shares 70% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-15. Alternative splicing generates isoforms of Interleukin 15 with either a long or short signal peptide (LSP or SSP), and the SSP isoform is retained intracellularly (3). The IL-15 protein binds with high affinity to IL-15 R alpha (4). It binds with lower affinity to a complex of IL-2 R beta and the common gamma chain ( gamma c) which are also subunits of the IL-2 receptor complex (5). IL-15 associates with IL-15 R alpha in the endoplasmic reticulum, and this complex is expressed on the cell surface (6). The dominant mechanism of IL-15 action is known as transpresentation in which IL-15 and IL-15 R alpha are coordinately expressed on the surface of one cell and interact with complexes of IL-2 R beta / gamma c on adjacent cells (7). This enables cells to respond to Interleukin 15 even if they do not express IL-15 R alpha (6). In human and mouse, soluble IL-15-binding forms of IL-15 R alpha can be generated by proteolytic shedding and bind up nearly all the IL-15 protein in circulation (8-10). Soluble IL-15 R alpha functions as an inhibitor that limits IL-15 action (4, 9). Ligation of membrane-associated IL-15/IL-15 R alpha complexes also induces reverse signaling that promotes activation of the IL-15/IL-15 R alpha expressing cells (11).
Reference
1. De Sabatino, A. et al. (2011) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 22:19.
2. Grabstein, K. et al. (1994) Science 264:965.
3. Tagaya, Y. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:14444.
4. Giri, J.G. et al. (1995) EMBO J. 14:3654.
5. Giri, J. et al. (1994) EMBO J. 13:2822.
6. Dubois, S. et al. (2002) Immunity 17:537.
7. Castillo, E.F. and K.S. Schluns (2012) Cytokine 59:479.
8. Budagian, V. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:40368.
9. Mortier, E. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 173:1681.
10. Bergamaschi, C. et al. (2012) Blood 120:e1.
11. Budagian, V. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:42192.
Specifications
| Synonyms | IL15; IL-15; IL-15MGC9721; interleukin 15; interleukin-15 |
| Accession # | P40933.1 |
| Source | Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL-15 protein |
| Asn49-Ser162 | |
| Predicted Moleucular weight | 12.8 kDa |
Components and Storage
| Formulation | Solution protein. |
| Dissolved in PBS buffer. | |
| This solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. | |
| Storage and Stability | Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. |
| It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. | |
| 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. | |
| Shipping | Shipping with dry ice. |
Quality
| Purity | > 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE. |
| Endotoxin Level | <0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method. |
| Activity | Measured in a cell proliferation assay using MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cells. |
| The EC50 for this effect is 0.1-1.0 ng/mL. |
SDS-PAGE
Gel filtration
Bioactivity
Documents
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