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APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; TNFA; TNF-A; TNFalpha; TNF-alpha; TNF-alphacachectin; TNFATNF, macrophage-derived; TNFG1F; TNFSF1A; TNFSF2; TNFSF2TNF superfamily, member 2; tumor necrosis factor (TNF superfamily, member 2); tumor necrosis factor alpha; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; tumor necrosis factor; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
$198.00
Sku: RP574-10UG
Bcakground
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism (1, 2). Mouse TNF-alpha consisits of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 179 aa extracellular domain (ECD) (3). Within the ECD, mouse TNF-alpha shares 94% aa sequence identity with rat and 70%-77% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, porcine, rat, and rhesus TNF-alpha. TNF -alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells (1, 2). TNF-alpha is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer which is expressed on the cell surface (4). Cell surface TNF-alpha can induce the lysis of neighboring tumor cells and virus infected cells, and it can generate its own downstream cell signaling following ligation by soluble TNFR I (2, 5). Shedding of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ ADAM17 releases the bioactive cytokine, a 55 kDa soluble trimer of the TNF-alpha extracellular domain (6-8). TNF-alpha binds the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNF RI (9, 10) and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 80 kDa TNF RII (11, 12), both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 2, 13).
Reference
1. Zelova, H. and J. Hosek (2013) Inflamm. Res. 62:641.
2. Juhasz, K. et al. (2013) Expert Rev. Clin. Immunol. 9:335.
3. Fransen, L. et al. (1985) Nucleic Acids Res. 13:4417.
4. Tang, P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8216.
5. Perez, C. et al. (1990) Cell 63:251.
6. Black, R.A. et al. (1997) Nature 385:729.
7. Moss, M.L. et al. (1997) Nature 385:733.
8. Gearing, A.J.H. et al. (1994) Nature 370:555.
9. Schall, T.J. et al. (1990) Cell 61:361.
10. Loetscher, H. et al. (1990) Cell 61:351.
11. Dembic, Z. et al. (1990) Cytokine 2:231.
12. Smith, C.A. et al. (1990) Science 248:1019.
13. Loetscher, H. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:18324
Specifications
| Synonyms | APC1 protein; Cachectin; Cachetin; DIF; TNF; TNF, monocyte-derived; TNFA; TNF-A; TNFalpha |
| Accession # | P06804 |
| Source | Human embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse TNF-alpha protein |
| Leu80-Leu235 | |
| Predicted Moleucular weight | 17 kDa |
Components and Storage
| Formulation | Solution protein |
| Dissolved in sterile PBS buffer. | |
| This solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. | |
| Storage and Stability | Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. |
| It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage | |
| 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. | |
| Shipping | Shipping with dry ice. |
Quality
| Purity | > 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE. |
| Endotoxin Level | <0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method. |
| Activity | Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L-929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. Matthews, N. and M.L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. |
| The EC50 for this effect is 5-20 pg/mL. |
SDS-PAGE
Gel filtration
Bioactivity
Documents
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