Background

TNF-α is a pleiotropic pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by various cells, including adipocytes, activated monocytes, macrophages, B cells, T cells and fibroblasts. It belongs to the TNF family of ligands, and signals through two receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2. TNF-α is cytotoxic to a wide variety of tumor cells and is an essential factor in mediating the immune response against bacterial infections. TNF-α also plays a role in the induction of septic shock, autoimmune diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation, and diabetes. TNF-α is produced mainly by macrophages. Large amounts of TNF-α are released in response to lipopolysaccharide, other bacterial products, and Interleukin-1 (IL-1). TNF-α is involved in fighting against tumorigenesis. It is regarded as a potential protein of cancer treatment.

Specifications

Protein sequence	A DNA sequence encoding the human TNF-α (GenBank: ADV31546.2 V77-L233) was expressed with a polyhistidine tag at the C- terminus
Expression Host	HEK293 cells
QC Testing Purity	> 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE
Activity	Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L-929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of actinomycin D. The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤ 5 ng/mL
Endotoxin Level	< 0.1 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Molecular Mass	The Recombinant protein predicts a molecular mass of 18.2 kD
Formulation	Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4. Normally 6 % mannitol are added as protectants before lyophilization
Stability & Storage	24 months at 2 °C to 8 °C in lyophilized state. 6 months at -20 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 12 months at -80 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities after reconstituting with water for injection, normal saline or PBS, and keep the diluted concentration above 100 µg/mL. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

References

Hector J, et al. (2007) TNF-α alters visfatin and adiponectin levels in human fat. Horm Metab Res. 39(4): 250-5.
Berthold-Losleben M, et al. (2008) The TNF-α System: Functional Aspects in Depression, Narcolepsy and Psychopharmacology. Curr Neuropharmacol. 6(3): 193-202.
Zelová H, Hošek J (2013) TNF-alpha signalling and inflammation: interactions between old acquaintances. Inflamm Res 62: 641–651

Document

GMP-TL303

TL-303

GMP-TL303_SDS

Recombinant Human TNF α Protein