Description

IL-1α is a pleiotropic proinflammatory cytokine and core member of the IL-1 superfamily. Constitutively expressed as a precursor in epithelial cells (particularly dermal keratinocytes), it is proteolytically activated by calpain into a 17-kDa mature form that engages dual receptor mechanisms (IL-1RⅠ signaling/IL-1RⅡ decoy) to trigger NF-κB and MAPK pathways, inducing cascading release of inflammatory mediators including IL-6, COX-2, and nitric oxide (NO).

It exhibits dual immunological functions: acting as an ‘alarmin’ to initiate innate immunity upon tissue injury while maintaining skin barrier integrity against pathogens.

For cell therapy applications, it serves as a critical modulator in ex vivo immune cell maturation:

In dendritic cell (DC) vaccine production, pulsed low-dose stimulation (pM-fM range) synergizes with TLR ligands to enhance MHC-II/co-stimulatory molecule expression, optimizing tumor antigen presentation;
For mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapeutics, it fine-tunes TRAF6 signaling intensity to induce immunosuppressive HLA-G secretion, augmenting immunomodulatory potency in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) treatment.

Its activity is reversibly inhibited by IL-1Ra and regulated by nuclear localization sequence (NLS)-mediated translocation, establishing a dynamic equilibrium exploitable for precision interventions in autoimmune disease cell therapies.

Specifications

Parameter	Specification	Results
Appearance	Freeze-dried preparation, the form should be white loose body	Compliance
Identity	The electrophoretic bands should be consistent with the molecular weight of the product	Compliance
Visible Particle	Should be no visible particle	Compliance
Moisture	≤4.0%	0.7%
pH	6.5~7.5	7.2
Purity	>90.0%	Compliance
Endotoxin	<0.1EU/μg	<0.1EU/μg
Mycoplasma	Should be negative	Negative
Sterility	No growth	No growth
Biological Activity	Inducing IFN-y secretion in human natural killer lymphoma NK-92 cells through its induction Ability determination, corresponding specific activity≥5x10⁶IU/mg	5.12x10⁶ IU/mg

Features

✔ Defined Recombinant IL-1α Construct
Recombinant human IL-1α (Ser113–Ala271) is expressed in E. coli with a C-terminal 6×His-tag and a predicted molecular weight of 19.2 kDa for consistent handling in research workflows.
✔ High Purity With Identity Verification
Purity >90% by SDS-PAGE, with electrophoretic bands consistent with the expected molecular weight to support reliable cytokine signaling studies.
✔ Low Endotoxin and Culture-Ready QC
Endotoxin <0.1 EU/µg (LAL method), mycoplasma negative, and sterility confirmed with no microbial growth for sensitive cell-based assays.
✔ Bioactivity Validated in NK-92 Cells
Induces IFN-γ secretion in human NK-92 cells with specific activity ≥5 × 10⁶ IU/mg (measured 5.12 × 10⁶ IU/mg) for potency-confirmed experimental use.

Applications

NK-92 IFN-γ Induction Assay

Quantitatively induces IFN-γ secretion in NK-92 cells for IL-1α bioactivity evaluation.

Dendritic Cell Vaccine Research

Supports pulsed low-dose stimulation studies with TLR ligands to enhance MHC-II/co-stimulatory expression.

MSC Immunomodulation Studies

Used to fine-tune TRAF6 signaling intensity and induce HLA-G secretion in MSC-focused GVHD research contexts.

NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Studies

Activates IL-1RⅠ/IL-1RⅡ-driven pathways linked to IL-6, COX-2, and nitric oxide (NO) mediator release.

Stability & Storage

Lyophilized powder: Stable for 12 months at −80 °C or 6 months at −20 °C when stored in the original sealed container under desiccant.
Reconstitution: Dissolve contents in 200 µL sterile water for injection, 0.9% NaCl, or PBS (pH 7.4), maintaining a final concentration about 50 µg/mL.
Handling: Aliquot to avoid repeated freeze–thaw cycles.

Cautions

• Research Use Only: This product is not intended for diagnostic or therapeutic use.

• Handling: Prepare solutions using sterile technique. Avoid microbial contamination to maintain activity.

• Storage: Follow recommended storage conditions. Repeated freeze–thaw cycles may reduce performance.

Documents

📄 TL-109 Data Sheet 📄 TL-109 SDS 📄 TL-109 COA

Recombinant Human IL-1α Protein