{"title":"Recombinate Protein","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"human-il1a","title":"Human IL1a","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin 1 (IL-1) , is a name that designates two proteins, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, which are the products of distinct genes, but which show approximately 25% amino acid sequence identity and which recognize the same cell surface receptors. Although IL-1 production is generally considered to be a consequence of inflammation, recent evidence suggests that IL-1 is also temporarily upregulated during bone formation and the menstrual cycle and can be induced in response to nervous system stimulation. In response to classic stimuli produced by inflammatory agents, infections or microbial endotoxins, a dramatic increase in the production of IL-1 by macrophages and various other cells is seen. Cells in particular known to produce IL-1 include osteoblasts, monocytes, macrophages, keratinocytes, Kupffer cells, hepatocytes, thymic and salivary gland epithelium, Schwann cells, fibroblasts and glia (oligodendroglia, astrocytes and microglia). IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are both synthesized as 31 kDa precursors that are subsequently cleaved into proteins with molecular weights of approximately17,000 Da. Neither precursor contains a typical hydrophobic signal peptide sequence and most of the precursor form of IL-1 alpha remains in the cytosol of cells, although there is evidence for a membrane-bound form of the precursor form of IL-1 alpha. The IL-1 alpha precursor reportedly shows full biological activity in the EL-4 assay. Among various species, the amino acid sequence of mature IL-1 alpha is conserved 60% to 70% and human IL-1 has been found to be biologically active on murine cell lines. Both forms of IL-1 bind to the same receptors, designated type I and type II. Evidence suggests that only the type I receptor is capable of signal transduction and that the type II receptor may function as a decoy, binding IL-1 and thus preventing binding of IL-1 to the type I receptor.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Nicklin MJ,et al. (1994) Genomics. 19(2):382-4. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. March CJ, et al. (1985) Nature. 315(6021):641-7. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3. Bankers-Fulbright JL, et al. (1996) Life Sci. 59(2):61-83. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e4. Dinarello CA, et al. (1997) Semin Oncol. 24 (3 Suppl 9):S9-81-S9-93.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHematopoietin-1; IL1 alpha; IL-1 alpha; IL1; IL1A; IL-1A; IL1-ALPHA; IL1F1; IL-1F1;BAF\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eQ53QF9\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL-1 alpha\/IL-1F1 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSer113-Ala271\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e18.0 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using D10.G4.1 mouse helper Tcells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.6-6 pg\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL1a_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754449657\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL1a_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754449857\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL1a_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754449989\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP210.pdf?v=1754450176\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL1a\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":45403434942645,"sku":"RP210-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":45403434975413,"sku":"RP210-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":45403435008181,"sku":"RP210-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a.jpg?v=1747900099"},{"product_id":"human-plgf-pgf-pigf","title":"Human PLGF\/PGF\/PIGF","description":"\u003ch2\u003eDescription\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman PLGF involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis. The GPI-anchor, a glycolipid containing three mannose molecules in its core backbone, is found on many blood cells where it serves to anchor proteins to the cell surface. The encoded protein and another GPI synthesis protein, PIGO, function in the transfer of ethanolaminephosphate to the third mannose in GPI.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241366782133,"sku":"RP964-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241366814901,"sku":"RP964-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241366847669,"sku":"RP964-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_bf52b084-3681-48fe-adc2-ca7eb67bbfc5.jpg?v=1750428166"},{"product_id":"mouse-lif","title":"Mouse LIF","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecombinant mouse LIF (leukemia inhibitory factor) is commonly used in cell culture to maintain the pluripotency of stem cells. LIF is a widely expressed pleiotropic member of the IL-6 family of cytokines (1-3). Mature mouse LIF is expressed as a highly and variably glycosylated 32-62 kDa monomer that shares 78%, 91%, 80%, 76%, and 78% aa sequence identity with human, rat, canine, bovine, and porcine LIF, respectively (4). LIF functions through a heterodimeric receptor complex containing a ligand-binding subunit, LIF R alpha \/CD118, and a signal transducing subunit, gp130 (2, 4, 5). gp130 also serves as a subunit of the receptor complexes for Oncostatin M, Cardiotrophin-1, CNTF, IL-6, IL-11, and IL-27 (2, 5). A soluble form of mouse LIF R alpha can be generated by alternative splicing (6). Depending on the cells and their context, LIF either opposes or favors differentiation (2, 7). LIF produced by the uterine endometrium supports successful implantation of the embryo, promotes proliferation and maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells, and favors proliferation of progenitor cell types such as hematopoietic stem cells (2, 5, 7). LIF can also function as an autocrine growth factor in some pancreatic cancers, but it induces differentiation in the myeloid leukemic cell line M1 (1, 8). Tumor cell-derived LIF can also induce formation of immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (9). LIF promotes endometrial remodeling and differentiation of adipocytes and cardiac smooth muscle cells (2, 3, 10). It promotes regulatory T cell and inhibits Th17 cell differentiation, thus down-regulating inflammation and contributing to immune tolerance during pregnancy and in the nervous system (2, 3, 5, 7).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Moreau, J.F. et al. (1988) Nature 336:690.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Trouillas, M. et al. (2009) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 20:51.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Metcalfe, S.M. (2011) Genes Immun. 12:157.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Gearing, D.P. et al. (1987) EMBO J. 6:3995.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Cheng, J.G. et al. (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:8680.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Tomida, M. et al. (1993) FEBS lett. 334:193.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Paiva, P. et al. (2009) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 20:319.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Kamohara, H. et al. (2007) Int. J. Oncol. 30:977.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Duluc, D. et al. (2007) Blood 110:4319.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Zouein, F.A. et al. (2013) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 24:11\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eleukemia inhibitory factor; LIF;CDF; D Factor; DIA; differentiation inhibitory activity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP09056\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse LIF protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePro25-Phe203\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e20 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured by its ability to induce IL-6 secretion by M1 mouse myeloid leukemia cells\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.05-0.2 ng\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_LIF_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755766184\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_LIF_Gel_filtration.jpg?v=1755766184\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_LIF_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755766184\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP740.pdf?v=1755766232\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse LIF\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241367077045,"sku":"RP740-10UG","price":165.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241367109813,"sku":"RP740-50UG","price":351.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241367142581,"sku":"RP740-1MG","price":2884.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_5f834b55-2a3c-4b94-b33d-8ab920de7aa2.jpg?v=1750428176"},{"product_id":"human-sftpd-n-flag","title":"Human Sftpd (N-flag）","description":"The human Sftpd is part of the innate immune response, protecting the lungs against inhaled microorganisms and chemicals. The protein may also be involved in surfactant metabolism.","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241367339189,"sku":"RP962-10UG","price":165.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241367371957,"sku":"RP962-50UG","price":351.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241367404725,"sku":"RP962-1MG","price":2884.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_57d611d5-c319-492e-a584-4dd69c27dd03.jpg?v=1750428188"},{"product_id":"mouse-il21","title":"Mouse IL21","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-21(IL-21) is an approximately 14 kDa four-helix-bundle cytokine in the family of cytokines that utilize the common gamma chain as a receptor subunit. gamma c is also a subunit of the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 (1). IL-21 is produced by activated T follicular helper cells (Tfh), Th17 cells, and NKT cells (2-6). It exerts its biological effects through a heterodimeric receptor complex of gamma c and the IL-21-specific IL-21 R (2, 7). Tfh-derived IL-21 plays an important role in the development of humoral immunity through its autocrine effects on the Tfh cell and paracrine effects on immunoglobulin affinity maturation, plasma cell differentiation, and B cell memory responses (4, 8, 9). It is also required for the migration of dendritic cells to draining lymph nodes (10). IL-21 regulates several aspects of T cell function. It co-stimulates the activation, proliferation, and survival of CD8+ T cells and NKT cells and promotes Th17 cell polarization (3, 5, 6, 11, 12). It blocks the generation of regulatory T cells and their suppressive effects on CD4+ T cells (13, 14). IL-21 R engagement enhances the cytolytic activity and IFN-gamma production of activated NK cells but limits the expansion of resting NK cells (15). IL-21 suppresses cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions by limiting allergen-specific IgE production and mast cell degranulation (16). Dysregulation of the IL-21\/IL-21 R system contributes to the development of multiple immunological disorders (1, 17).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.Leonard, W.J. et al. (2008) J. Leukoc. Biol. 84:348.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Parrish-Novak, et al. (2000) Nature 408:57.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Coquet, J.M. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:2827.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Vogelzang, A. et al. (2008) Immunity 29:127.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Korn, T. et al. (2007) Nature 448:484.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Nurieva, R. et al. (2007) Nature 448:480.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Asao, H. et al. (2001) J. Immunol. 167:1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Zotos, D. et al. (2010) J. Exp. Med. 207:365.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Rankin, A.L. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 186:667.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Jin, H. et al. (2009) J. Clin. Invest. 119:47.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Frohlich, A. et al. (2009) Science 324:1576.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Yi, J.S., et al. (2009) Science 324:1572.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Peluso, I. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:732.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14. Bucher, C. et al. (2009) Blood 114:5375.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15. Kasaian, M.T. et al. (2002) Immunity 16:559.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e16. Tamagawa-Mineoka, R. et al. (2011) J. Invest. Dermatol. 131:1513.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e17. Ma, J. et al. (2011) Cytokine 56:133.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eCVID11; IL21; IL-21; IL-21Za11interleukin-21; interleukin 21; interleukin-21 isoform; Za11\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eQ9ES17\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-21 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePro25-Ser146\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e15.0 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured by its ability to enhance IFN-gamma secretion in NK-92 human natural killer lymphoma cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.2-2.3 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL21_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755748989\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL21_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755748989\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP640.pdf?v=1755749019\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL21\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241367568565,"sku":"RP640-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241367601333,"sku":"RP640-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241367634101,"sku":"RP640-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_859ab769-2b82-41e6-a075-c8c53ef6abeb.jpg?v=1750428197"},{"product_id":"mouse-il23","title":"Mouse IL23","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin 23 (IL-23) is a heterodimeric cytokine composed of two disulfide-linked subunits, a p19 subunit that is unique to IL-23, and a p40 subunit that is shared with IL-12 (1-5). The p19 subunit has homology to the p35 subunit of IL-12, as well as to other single chain cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-11. The p40 subunit is homologous to the extracellular domains of the hematopoietic cytokine receptors. Mouse p19 cDNA encodes a 196 amino acid residue (aa) precursor protein with a putative 19 aa signal peptide and 177 aa mature protein. Human and mouse p19 share 70% aa sequence identity. Although p19 is expressed by activated macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and endothelial cells, only activated macrophages and dendritic cells express p40 concurrently to produce IL-23. The functional IL-23 receptor complex consists of two receptor subunits, the IL-12 receptor beta 1 subunit (IL-12 R beta 1) and the IL-23-specific receptor subunit (IL-23 R). IL-23 has biological activities that are similar to, but distinct from IL-12. Both IL-12 and IL-23 induce proliferation and IFN-gamma production by human T cells. While IL-12 acts on both naive and memory human Tnbsp;cells, the effects of IL-23 is restricted to memory T cells. In mouse, IL-23 but not IL-12, has also been shown to induce memory T cells to secret IL-17, a potent proinflammatory cytokine. IL-12 and IL-23 can induce IL-12 production from mouse splenic DC of both the CD8- and CD8+ subtypes, however only IL-23 can act directly on CD8+ DC to mediate immunogenic presentation of poorly immunogenic tumor\/self peptide.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Oppmann, B. et al. (2000) Immunity 13:715.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Lankford, C.S. and D.M. Frucht (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 73:49.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Parham, C. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168:5699.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Belladonna, M.L. et al. (2002) J. Immunol. 168:5448.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Aggarwal, S. et al. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278:1910.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIL-23 p19\/IL-12 p40; IL23; IL-23; IL-23A; IL-23-A; IL-23p19; IL-23p19\/IL-12p40; IL23P19P19\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP43432 (p40) \u0026amp; Q9EQ14 (p19)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-23 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ep40 (Met1-Ser335) \u0026amp; p19 (Val22-Ala196)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e57.9 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured by its ability to induce IL-17 secretion by mouse splenocytes.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.005-0.25 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL23_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755677878\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL23_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755677879\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP619.pdf?v=1755677575\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL23\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241367863477,"sku":"RP619-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241367896245,"sku":"RP619-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241367929013,"sku":"RP619-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_65d2a2da-7d37-42c5-826e-b492b9207ba5.jpg?v=1750428207"},{"product_id":"human-ir","title":"Human IR","description":"The Insulin Receptor (gene name INSR, designated CD220) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein in the Insulin\/IGF Receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinases that share structural similarity and overlapping intracellular signaling events. The 1382 amino acid (aa) human Insulin R preproprotein (B isoform) is processed by proteolysis to remove the signal peptide and produce an extracellular alpha portion (aa 28-762), and an extracellular\/transmembrane\/cytoplasmic beta subunit (aa 763-1382). The extracellular domain (ECD) contains two homologous globular domains separated by a cysteine-rich domain and followed by three fibronectin type III domains. The intracellular region contains insulin-receptor substrate (IRS) docking sites, the kinase domain, and a phosphotyrosine-containing linker region.) IR-A expression is highest in fetal tissues and cancer cells, while IR-B is concentrated in adult differentiated cells (1-5).","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241368191157,"sku":"RP770-10UG","price":165.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241368223925,"sku":"RP770-50UG","price":351.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241368256693,"sku":"RP770-1MG","price":2884.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_90d760dc-3b6c-4e1a-b34d-96645c51040e.jpg?v=1750428216"},{"product_id":"human-beta-2-microglobulin","title":"Human Beta-2-microglobulin","description":"A serum protein found in association with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain on the surface of nearly all nucleated cells. The protein has a predominantly beta-pleated sheet structure that can form amyloid fibrils in some pathological conditions. The encoded antimicrobial protein displays antibacterial activity in amniotic fluid. A mutation in this gene has been shown to result in hypercatabolic hypoproteinemia.","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241368453301,"sku":"RP605-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241368486069,"sku":"RP605-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241368518837,"sku":"RP605-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_0feb119c-fdb8-4160-b547-ff3dc12a7ee8.jpg?v=1750428228"},{"product_id":"human-il5","title":"Human IL5","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin 5 (IL5) , is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the alpha -helical group of cytokines (1 - 3). IL5 is present as a covalently linked antiparallel dimer (4, 5). Mature human IL-5 shares 70%, 70%, 62%, 71%, 70% and 66%, aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, canine, equine, feline and porcine IL5, respectively and shows cross-reactivity with mouse IL5. IL5 is primarily produced by CD4+ Th2 cells, but also by activated eosinophils, mast cells, EBV-transformed B cells, Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin’s disease, and IL2-stimulated invariant natural killer T cells (7, 8). IL5 increases production and mobilization of eosinophils and CD34+ progenitors from the bone marrow and causes maturation of eosinophil precursors outside the bone marrow (1, 6, 9, 10). The receptor for human IL5, mainly expressed by eosinophils, but also found on basophils and mast cells, consists of a unique ligand-binding subunit (IL5R alpha) and a shared signal-transducing subunit, beta c (3, 6, 11). IL5R alpha first binds IL5 at low affinity, then associates with preformed beta c dimers, forming a high-affinity receptor (12). IL5 also binds proteoglycans, potentially enhancing its activity (13). Soluble forms of IL5R alpha antagonize IL5 and can be found in vivo (10, 14).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Rosenberg, H. F. et al. (2007) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119:1303.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. Elsas, P.X. and M. I. G. Elsas (2007) Curr. Med. Chem. 14:1925.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3. Martinez-M, M. and D. P. Huston (2003) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 112:653.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e4. Minamitake, Y. et al. (1990) J. Biochem. 107:292.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e5. McKenzie, A. N. et al. (1991) Mol. Immunol. 28:155.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e6. Shakoory, B. et al. (2004) J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 24:271.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e7. Lalani, T. et al. (1999) Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 82:317.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e8. Sakuishi, K. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:3452.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e9. Clutterbuck, E. J. et al. (1989) Blood 73:1504.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e10. Cameron, L. et al. (2000) J. Immunol. 164:1538.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e11. Tavernier, J. et al. (1991) Cell 66:1175.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e12. Zaks-Zilberman, M. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283:13398.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e13. Lipscombe, R. et al. (1998) J. Leukocyte Biol. 63:342.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e14. Tavernier, J. et al. (2000) Blood 95:1600.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL5; hIL-5, recombinant IL5, interleukin 5, EDF\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP05113\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL5 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIle20-Ser134\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e13 kDa (Monomer)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eForm\/Structure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDimer in solution\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.04-0.2 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL5_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754467563\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL5_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754467563\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL5_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754467563\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP250.pdf?v=1754468154\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL5\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241368682677,"sku":"RP250-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241368715445,"sku":"RP250-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241368748213,"sku":"RP250-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_24166a66-9c88-418a-ad16-e12f4d6840ae.jpg?v=1750428237"},{"product_id":"human-prothrombin","title":"Human Prothrombin","description":"Prothrombin (coagulation factor II) is proteolytically cleaved to form thrombin in the clotting process. Thrombin in turn acts as a serine protease that converts soluble fibrinogen into insoluble strands of fibrin, as well as catalyzing many other coagulation-related reactions (1-2).","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241368912053,"sku":"RP606-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241368944821,"sku":"RP606-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241368977589,"sku":"RP606-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_f0a64464-c06b-475d-8a23-26dd222d5de0.jpg?v=1750428247"},{"product_id":"human-il17a","title":"Human IL17A","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-17A (IL-17A) , also known as CTLA-8, is a 15-20 kDa glycosylated cytokine that plays an important role in anti-microbial and chronic inflammation. The six IL-17 cytokines (IL-17A-F) are encoded by separate genes but adopt a conserved cystine knot fold (1, 2). Mature human IL-17A shares 60% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-17A (3, 4). IL-17A is secreted by Th17 cells, gamma \/δ T cells, iNKT cells, NK cells, LTi cells, neutrophils, and intestinal Paneth cells (2). It forms disulfide-linked homodimers as well as disulfide-linked heterodimers with IL-17F (5, 6). IL-17A exerts its effects through the transmembrane IL-17RA in complex with IL-17RC or IL-17RD (7, 8). Both IL-17RA and IL-17RC are required for responsiveness to heterodimeric IL-17A\/F (7). IL-17A promotes protective mucosal and epidermal inflammation in response to microbial infection (9-12). It induces chemokine production, neutrophil influx, and the production of antibacterial peptides (9-11). IL-17A\/F likewise induces neutrophil migration, but IL-17F does not (11). IL-17A additionally enhances the production of inflammatory mediators by rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts and contributes to TNF-alpha induced shock (4, 13). In contrast, it can protect against the progression of colitis by limiting chronic inflammation (12). IL-17A has been shown to exert either tumorigenic or anti-tumor effects (14, 15).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Gaffen, S.L. (2009) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 9:556.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. Cua, D.J. and C.M. Tato (2010) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 10:479.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3.Yao, Z. et al. (1995) J. Immunol. 155:5483.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e4. Fossiez, F. et al. (1996) J. Exp. Med. 183:2593.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e5. Chang, S.H. and C. Dong (2007) Cell Res. 17:435.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e6. Wright, J.F. et al. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282:13447.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e7. Wright, J.F. et al. (2008) J. Immunol. 181:2799.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e8. Rong, Z. et al. (2009) Cell Res. 19:208.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e9. Cho, J.S. et al. (2010) J. Clin. Invest. 120:1762.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e10. Liang, S.C. et al. (2006) J. Exp. Med. 203:2271.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e11. Liang, S.C. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:7791.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e12. O’Connor Jr., W. et al. (2009) Nat. Immunol. 10:603.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e13. Takahashi, N. et al. (2008) J. Exp. Med. 205:1755.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e14. Wang, L. et al. (2009) J. Exp. Med. 206:1457.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e15. Kryczek, I. et al. (2009) Blood 114:357.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL17A; hIL-17A, recombinant IL17A, interleukin 17A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eQ16552\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL17A protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eGly24-Ala155\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e15.1 kDa (Monomer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eForm\/Structure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDimer in solution\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured by its ability to induce IL-6 secretion by NIH-3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe ED50 for this effect is 1.0-7.5 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL17_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754560229\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL17_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754560230\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL17_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754560230\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP330.pdf?v=1754559516\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL17A\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241369141429,"sku":"RP330-10UG","price":155.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241369174197,"sku":"RP330-50UG","price":371.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241369206965,"sku":"RP330-1MG","price":3070.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_262018bb-bfd3-41e8-b6d3-f0af1771ea54.jpg?v=1750428257"},{"product_id":"human-il4","title":"Human IL4","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-4 (IL-4), also known as B cell-stimulatory factor-1, is a secreted protein that belongs to the IL-4 \/ IL-13 family (1-3). It is a glycosylated polypeptide that contains three intrachain disulfide bridges and adopts a bundled four α-helix structure (4). Mature human IL-4 shares 55%, 39% and 43% aa sequence identity with bovine, mouse, and rat IL-4, respectively. Human, mouse, and rat IL-4 are species-specific in their activities (5-7). IL-4 exerts its effectsthrough two receptor complexes (8, 9). The type I receptor, which is expressed on hematopoietic cells, is a heterodimer of the ligand binding IL-4 Rα and thecommon γ chain (a shared subunit of the receptors for IL-2, -7, -9, -15, and -21). The type II receptor on nonhematopoietic cells consists of IL-4 Rα and IL-13 Rα1.The type II receptor also transduces IL-13 mediated signals. IL-4 is primarily expressed by Th2-biased CD4+ T cells, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils (1, 2). Itpromotes cell proliferation, survival, and immunoglobulin class switch to IgG4 and IgE in human B cells, acquisition of the Th2 phenotype by naive CD4+ T cells, priming and chemotaxis of mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils, and the proliferation and activation of epithelial cells (10-13).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Benczik, M. and S.L. Gaffen (2004) Immunol. Invest. 33:109. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. Chomarat, P. and J. Banchereau (1998) Int. Rev. Immunol. 17:1. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3. Yokota, T. et al. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 83:5894. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e4. Redfield, C. et al. (1991) Biochemistry 30:11029. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e5. Ramirez, F. et al. (1988) J. Immunol. Meth. 221:141. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e6. Leitenberg, D. and T.L. Feldbush (1988) Cell. Immunol. 111:451. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e7. Mosman, T.R. et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 138:1813.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e8. Mueller, T.D. et al. (2002) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1592:237. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e9. Nelms, K. et al. (1999) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 17:701.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e10. Paludan, S.R. (1998) Scand. J. Immunol. 48:459.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e11. Corthay, A. (2006) Scand. J. Immunol. 64:93.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e12. Ryan, J.J. et al. (2007) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 27:15.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e13. Grone, A. (2002) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 88:1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL4; hIL-4, recombinant IL4, interleukin 4, BCGF1 Protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP05112\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL4 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHis25-Ser153\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e15 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.02-0.1 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL4_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754465764\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL4_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754465764\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL4_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754465764\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP240.pdf?v=1754465041\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL4\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241369567413,"sku":"RP240-10UG","price":227.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241369600181,"sku":"RP240-50UG","price":567.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241369632949,"sku":"RP240-1MG","price":4738.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_9311cedf-6bd5-417b-b3a1-53c9eb0c8d29.jpg?v=1750428267"},{"product_id":"human-tgfb1","title":"Human TGFb1","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTGF-β1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-β superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure (1–7). TGF-β1, -2, and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (1–4). Each TGF-β isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-β1, mice with targeted deletion show defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation, and die of overwhelming inflammation (2).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman TGF-β1 cDNA encodes a 390 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 29 aa signal peptide and a 361 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 249 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF-β1 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-β1 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-β1 complex (8–10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-β binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-β is activated from latency by pathways that include the actions of protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin-1, and a subset of integrins (10).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMature human TGF-β1 shares 100% aa identity with pig, dog, and cow TGF-β1, and 99% aa identity with mouse, rat, and horse TGF-β1. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-β1 signaling begins with high-affinity binding to a type II ser\/thr kinase receptor termed TGF-βRII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates a second ser\/thr kinase receptor, TGF-βRI (also called activin receptor-like kinase [ALK]-5), or alternatively, ALK-1. This complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Contributions of the accessory receptors betaglycan (also known as TGF-βRIII) and endoglin, or use of Smad-independent signaling pathways, allow for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-β in different contexts (11).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.Derynck, R. and K. Miyazono (2008) Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press p. 29.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2.Dunker, N. and K. Krieglstein (2000) Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6982.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.Wahl, S.M. (2006) Immunol. Rev. 213:213.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.Chang, H. et al. (2002) Endocr. Rev. 23:787.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.Lin, J.S. et al. (2006) Reproduction 132:179.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6.Hinck, A.P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8517.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7.Mittl, P.R.E. et al. (1996) Protein Sci. 5:1261.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8.Derynck, R. et al. (1985) Nature 316:701.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9.Miyazono, K. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:6407.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10.Oklu, R. and R. Hesketh (2000) Biochem. J. 352:601.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11.de Caestecker, M. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12.Zuniga, J.E. et al. (2005) J. Mol. Biol. 354:1052.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eTGF-beta 1 protein; TGFbeta 1; TGF-beta 1; TGFbeta; TGF-beta-1; transforming growth factor beta-1; transforming growth factor, beta 1.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP01137.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHEK293\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAla279-Ser390\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12.8kDa(monomer)\u003cbr\u003e25.6kDa(Dimer)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile 20 mM sodium citrate(pH=2.5) buffer .\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured by the(CAGA)\u003csub\u003e12\u003c\/sub\u003e-luciferase reporter assay.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 25 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TGFb1_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755499466\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TGFb1_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755499465\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP510.pdf?v=1755499324\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman TGFb1\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241369829557,"sku":"RP510-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241369862325,"sku":"RP510-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241369895093,"sku":"RP510-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_b14fa6de-852e-4b3c-b04e-5f633dcf280a.jpg?v=1750428278"},{"product_id":"human-il3","title":"Human IL3","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-3 (IL-3) is a potent growth-promoting cytokine that belongs to the IL-3 family. IL3\/IL-3 also belongs to the group of interleukins Interleukins are produced by a wide variety of body cells. The function of the immune system depends in a large part on interleukins, and rare deficiencies of a number of them have been described, all featuring autoimmune diseases or immune deficiency. The majority of interleukins are synthesized by helper CD4+ T lymphocytes, as well as through monocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells. They promote the development and differentiation of T, B, and hematopoietic cells. IL3\/IL-3 is capable of supporting the proliferation of a broad range of hematopoietic cell types. It is involved in a variety of cell activities such as cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. IL3\/IL-3 has been shown to also possess neurotrophic activity, and it may be associated with neurologic disorders.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Meyer CG, et al. (2011) Hum Mol Genet. 20(6):1173-81.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. Zambrano A, et al. (2010) Curr Alzheimer Res. 7(7):615-24.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3. Dentelli P, et al. (2011) Oncogene. 30(50):4930-40.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL3; IL3; IL-3; recombinant IL3; interleukin-3; Mast cell growth factor\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAAC08706\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL3 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAla20-Phe152\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e15.1 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.01-0.08 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL3_sds_c300b809-4d3b-4620-b747-7fdbc8351670_480x480.jpg?v=1754464954\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL3_Gel_filtration_146c27d0-39ae-4522-bf1e-fa2fe086ad3c_480x480.jpg?v=1754464607\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL3_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754462319\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP230.pdf?v=1754465030\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL3\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241370255541,"sku":"RP230-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241370288309,"sku":"RP230-50UG","price":371.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241370321077,"sku":"RP230-1MG","price":3070.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_269f598b-fdd9-4113-af3f-6ab6224da1c9.jpg?v=1750428286"},{"product_id":"human-il2","title":"Human IL2","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-2 (IL2),also known as a T-cell growth factor, TCGF, and Aldesleukin, is a secreted protein that belongs to the IL-2 family. IL2 has potent stimulatory activity for antigen-activated T cells, and is expressed by T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and eosinophils (1-3). Mature human IL-2 shares 56% aa sequence identity with mouse IL-2. Human and mouse IL-2 exhibit cross-species activity (4). The receptor for IL-2 consists of three subunits that are present on the cell surface in varying preformed complexes (5-7). The 55 kDa IL-2 R alpha is specific for IL-2 and binds with low affinity. The 75 kDa IL-2R beta, which is also a component of the IL-15 receptor, binds IL-2 with intermediate affinity. The 64 kDa common gamma chain gamma c\/IL-2 R gamma, which is shared with the receptors for IL-4, -7, -9, -15, and -21, does not independently interact with IL-2. Upon ligand binding, signal transduction is performed by both IL-2 R beta and gamma c. IL-2 is best known for its autocrine and paracrine activity on T cells. It drives resting T cells to proliferate and induces IL-2 and IL-2 R alpha synthesis (1, 2). It contributes to T cell homeostasis by promoting the Fas-induced death of naive CD4+ T cells but not activated CD4+ memory lymphocytes (8). IL-2 plays a central role in the expansion and maintenance of regulatory T cells, although it inhibits the development of Th17 polarized cells (9-11). Thus, IL-2 may be a key cytokine in the natural suppression of autoimmunity (12, 13).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Ma, A. et al. (2006) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 24:657. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. Gaffen, S.L. and K.D. Liu (2004) Cytokine 28:109. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3. Taniguchi, T. et al. (1983) Nature 302:305. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e4. Mosmann, T.R. et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 138:1813. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e5. Liparoto, S.F. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:2543. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e6. Wang, X. et al. (2005) Science 310:1159. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e7. Bodnar, A. et al. (2008) Immunol. Lett. 116:117.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e8. Jaleco, S. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 171:61. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e9. Malek, T.R. (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 74:961. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e10. Laurence, A. et al. (2007) Immunity 26:371. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e11. Kryczek, I. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:6730. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e12. Afzali, B. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 148:32. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e13. Fehervari, Z. et al. (2006) Trends Immunol. 27:109.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL2; IL-2; IL-2; IL2; interleukin-2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP60568\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL2 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAla21-Thr153\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e15.4 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer to a concentration of 0.2 mg\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using CTLL-2 mouse cytotoxic T cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.05-0.25 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL2_SDS_480x480.jpg?v=1754461175\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL2_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754461269\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL2_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754461175\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP220.pdf?v=1754461320\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241370484917,"sku":"RP220-10UG","price":124.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241370517685,"sku":"RP220-50UG","price":289.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241370550453,"sku":"RP220-1MG","price":1010.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_e479aeb3-8de1-4170-98c5-7efe39b6ce99.jpg?v=1750428297"},{"product_id":"human-tgfb3","title":"Human TGFb3","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTGF-beta 3 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure . TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition . Each TGF-beta isoform has some non‑redundant functions; .Human TGF‑ beta 3 cDNA encodes a 412 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 23 aa signal peptide and a 389 aa proprotein . A furin‑like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N‑terminal 277 aa latency‑associated peptide (LAP) and a C‑terminal 112 aa mature TGF‑ beta 3 (1-5).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eARVD; ARVD1; FLJ16571; LDS5; RNHF; TGFB3; TGFbeta 3; TGF-beta 3; TGF-beta3; TGF-beta-3; transforming growth factor beta-3; transforming growth factor, beta 3.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP10600.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHEK293\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAla301-Ser412\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12.7 kDa (monomer)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile 20 mM sodium citrate(pH=2.5) buffer .\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buers. Centrifuge the via prior to opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 as supplied\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e≥95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e＜0.10 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured by the(CAGA) 12-luciferase reporter assay.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.29ng\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TGFb3_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755501824\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TGFb3_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755501823\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP530.pdf?v=1755501502\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman TGFb3\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241370714293,"sku":"RP530-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241370747061,"sku":"RP530-50UG","price":567.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241370779829,"sku":"RP530-1MG","price":4738.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_3839e394-8aaf-48cb-92af-46b45da84470.jpg?v=1750428307"},{"product_id":"human-il10","title":"Human IL10","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin 10 ,also known as cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), is the charter member of the IL-10 family of alpha -helical cytokines that also includesIL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, and IL-26\/AK155 (1, 2). IL-10 is secreted by many activated hematopoietic cell types as well as hepatic stellate cells, keratinocytes, and placental cytotrophoblasts (2-5). Mature human IL-10 shares 72%-86% amino acid sequence identity with bovine, canine, equine, feline, mouse, ovine, porcine, and rat IL-10. Whereas human IL-10 is active on mouse cells, mouse IL-10 does not act on human cells (6, 7). IL-10 is a 178 amino acid molecule that contains two intrachain disulfide bridges and is expressed as a 36 kDa noncovalently associated homodimer (6, 8, 9). The IL-10 dimer binds to two IL-10 R alpha \/IL-10 R1 chains, resulting in recruitment of two IL-10 R beta \/IL-10 R2 chains and activation of a signaling cascade involving JAK1, TYK2, and STAT3 (10). IL-10 R beta does not bind IL-10 by itself but is required for signal transduction (1). IL-10 R beta also associates with IL-20 R alpha, IL-22R alpha, or IL-28 R alpha to form the receptor complexes for IL-22, IL-26, IL-28, and IL-29(11-13). IL-10 is a critical molecule in the control of viral infections and allergic and autoimmune inflammation (14-16). It promotes phagocytic uptake and Th2 responses but suppresses antigen presentation and Th1 proinflammatory responses (2).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Pestka, S. et al. (2004) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 22:929.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. Sabat, R. et al. (2010) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 21:331.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3. Mathurin, P. et al. (2002) Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 282:G981\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e4. Grewe, M. et al. (1995) J. Invest. Dermatol. 104:3.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e5. Szony, B.J. et al. (1999) Mol. Hum. Reprod. 5:1059.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e6. Vieira, P. et al. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 88:1172.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e7. Hsu, D.-H. et al. (1990) Science 250:830.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e8. Windsor, W.T. et al. (1993) Biochemistry 32:8807.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e9. Syto, R. et al. (1998) Biochemistry 37:16943.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e10. Kotenko, S.V. et al. (1997) EMBO J. 16:5894.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e11. Kotenko, S.V. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 276:2725.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e12. Hor, S. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:33343.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e13. Sheppard, P. et al. (2003) Nat. Immunol. 4:63.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e14. Fitzgerald, D.C. et al. (2007) Nat. Immunol. 8:1372.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e15. Wu, K. et al. (2007) Cell. Mol. Immunol. 4:269.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e16. Blackburn, S.D. and E.J. Wherry (2007)Trends Microbiol. 15:143.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eCSIF; CSIFMGC126450; Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor; GVHDS; IL10; IL-10; IL10A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP22301\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL-10 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSer19-Asn178\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e18.6 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using MC\/9-2 mouse mast cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 50-150 pg\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL10_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754554455\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL10_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754554456\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL10_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754554456\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP300.pdf?v=1754553191\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL10\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241371009205,"sku":"RP300-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241371041973,"sku":"RP300-50UG","price":639.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241371074741,"sku":"RP300-1MG","price":5356.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_c13471bb-4e12-4ed1-8b95-19fb0685e991.jpg?v=1750428322"},{"product_id":"human-tgfb2","title":"Human TGFb2","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTGF-beta 2 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cystine knot structure . TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition . Each TGF-beta isoform has some non‑redundant functions; the TGFB2 gene, which encodes transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2), making it an obvious candidate gene for this aneurysm phenotype with MFS- and LDS-like features.Human TGF‑ beta 2 cDNA encodes a 414 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 20 aa signal peptide and a 394 aa proprotein . A furin‑like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N‑terminal 282 aa latency‑associated peptide (LAP) and a C‑terminal 112 aa mature TGF‑ beta 2 (1-5).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eBSC-1 cell growth inhibitor; cetermin; Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor; G-TSF; MGC116892; polyergin; TGFB2; TGFbeta 2; TGF-beta 2; TGF-beta2; TGF-beta-2; transforming growth factor beta-2; transforming growth factor, beta 2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP61812\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHEK293\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAla303-Ser414\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12.7 kDa (monomer)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile 20 mM sodium citrate(pH=2.5) buffer .\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70℃ as supplied\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e＜0.10 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured by the(CAGA)\u003csub\u003e12\u003c\/sub\u003e-luciferase reporter assay\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.69ng\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TGFb2_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755501260\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TGFb2_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755501259\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP520.pdf?v=1755501345\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman TGFb2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241398436021,"sku":"RP520-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241398468789,"sku":"RP520-50UG","price":567.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241398501557,"sku":"RP520-1MG","price":4738.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_720cb941-75c2-42bc-80fb-9afbd9c2d083.jpg?v=1750429400"},{"product_id":"human-il12","title":"Human IL12","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-12 (IL-12) , also known as natural killer cell stimulatory factor (NKSF) or cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor (CLMF), is a pleiotropic cytokine originally identified in the medium of activated human B lymphoblastoid cell lines (1). The p40 subunit of IL-12 has been shown to have extensive amino acid sequence homology to the extracellular domain of the human IL-6 receptor while the p35 subunit shows distant but significant sequence similarity to IL-6, G-CSF, and chicken MGF (2, 3). These observations have led to the suggestion that IL-12 might have evolved from a cytokine\/soluble receptor complex. Human and murine IL-12 share 70% and 60% amino acid sequence homology in their p40 and p35 subunits, respectively. IL-12 apparently shows species specificity with human IL-12 reportedly showing minimal activity in the murine system. IL-12 is produced by macrophages and B lymphocytes and has been shown to have multiple effects on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells (4). These effects include inducing production of IFN-r and TNF by resting and activated T and NK cells, synergizing with other IFN-gamma inducers at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. This interaction induces IFN-gamma gene expression, enhancing the cytotoxic activity of resting NK and T cells, inducing and synergizing with IL-2 in the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells, acting as a co-mitogen to stimulate proliferation of resting T cells, and inducing proliferation of activated T and NK cells (5). Current evidence indicates that IL-12, produced by macrophages in response to infectious agents, is a central mediator of the cell-mediated immune response by its actions on the development, proliferation, and activities of TH1 cells. In its role as the initiator of cell-mediated immunity, it has been suggested that IL-12 has therapeutic potential as a stimulator of cell-mediated immune responses to microbial pathogens, metastatic cancers, and viral infections such as AIDS.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Gubler, U. et al. (1991) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 88:4143.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Gearing, D. et al. (1991) Cell 66:9.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Merberg, D. et al. (1992) Immunology Today 13:78.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Wolf, S.F. et al. (1991) Journal of Immunology 146:3074.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Airoldi, I. et al. (2000) Journal of Immunology 165:6880.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL12; hIL-12, recombinant IL12, interleukin 12\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP29460 (IL-12p40), P29459 (IL-12p35)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL12 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIL-12 p40 (Ile23-Ser328), IL-12 p35 (Arg23-Ser219)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e22.5 kDa + 34.7 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using PHA-stimulated human T lymphoblasts.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 4-40 pg\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL12_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754556435\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL12_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754556435\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL12_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754556435\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP305.pdf?v=1754556483\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL12\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241398665397,"sku":"RP305-10UG","price":289.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241398698165,"sku":"RP305-50UG","price":1010.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241398730933,"sku":"RP305-1MG","price":6798.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_ad4d552e-405c-4ce4-b159-83d560538c11.jpg?v=1750429408"},{"product_id":"human-tpo","title":"Human TPO","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThrombopoietin (Tpo) is a key regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. It is principally produced in the liver and is bound and internalized by the receptor TpoR\/c-Mpl. Defects in the Tpo–TpoR signaling pathway are associated with a variety of platelet disorders (1–3).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 353 amino acid (aa) human Tpo precursor is cleaved to yield the 332 aa mature protein. Mature human Tpo shares approximately 70% aa sequence homology with mouse and rat Tpo. It is an 80–85 kDa protein that consists of an N-terminal domain with homology to erythropoietin (Epo) and a C-terminal domain that contains multiple N-linked and O-linked glycosylation sites (4, 5).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTissue-specific alternative splicing of human Tpo generates multiple isoforms with internal deletions, insertions, and\/or C-terminal substitutions (6). Tpo promotes the differentiation, proliferation, and maturation of MK and their progenitors (4, 5, 7). Several other cytokines can promote these functions as well, but only in cooperation with Tpo (8, 9). Notably, IL-3 independently induces MK development, although its effects are restricted to early stages in the MK lineage (8, 9).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTpo additionally promotes platelet production, aggregation, extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion, and activation (10, 13). It is cleaved by platelet-derived thrombin following Arg191 within the C-terminal domain and subsequently at other sites upon extended digestion (14). Full-length Tpo and shorter forms circulate in the plasma (4, 5). The C-terminal domain is not required for binding to TpoR or inducing MK growth and differentiation (5).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Deutsch, V.R. and A. Tomer (2006) Br. J. Haematol. 134:453.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Kaushansky, K. (2005) J. Clin. Invest. 115:3339.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Li, J. et al. (1999) Br. J. Haematol. 106:345.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Bartley, T.D. et al. (1994) Cell 77:1117.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. de Sauvage, F.J. et al. (1994) Nature 369:533.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Marcucci, R. and M. Romano (2008) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1782:427.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Kaushansky, K. et al. (1994) Nature 369:568.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Kaushansky, K. et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92:3234.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Broudy, V.C. et al. (1995), Blood 85:1719.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Lok, S.I. et al. (1994) Nature 369:565.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Chen, J. et al. (1995) Blood 86:4054.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Oda, A. et al. (1996) Blood 87:4664.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Van Os, E. et al. (2003) Br. J. Haematol. 121:482.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14. Kato, T. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94:4669.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMegakaryocyte colony-stimulating factor ; MGDFC-mpl ligand; MKCSF; THPO; Thrombopoietin; Tpo\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP40225\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human Thrombopoietin\/Tpo protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSer22-Gly353\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e52.9 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.3-2 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TPO_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755251301\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TPO_Gel_filtration.jpg?v=1755251301\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_TPO_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755251301\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP500.pdf?v=1755250497\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eHuman TPO\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241399451829,"sku":"RP500-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241399484597,"sku":"RP500-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241399517365,"sku":"RP500-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_b4ab2e99-0400-4dbc-aa8a-a8067f44e53a.jpg?v=1750429426"},{"product_id":"mouse-il7","title":"Mouse IL7","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-7 (IL-7)is a 25 kDa cytokine of the hemopoietin family that plays important roles in lymphocyte differentiation, proliferation, and survival (1 -4). Mouse IL-7 cDNA encodes 154 amino acids (aa) that include a 25 aa signal peptide (4). Mouse IL-7 shares approximately 88% aa sequence identity with rat IL-7 and 58-60% with human, equine, bovine, ovine, porcine, feline and canine IL-7. Human and mouse IL-7 exhibit cross-species activity (2, 3). IL-7 is produced by a wide variety of cells in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues, including stromal epithelial cells of the thymus, bone marrow, and intestines (1, 2, 5). Circulating IL-7 is limiting in healthy animals, but increases during lymphopenia (1, 6). IL-7 signals through a complex of the IL-7 Receptor alpha subunit (IL-7 R alpha, also known as CD127) with the common gamma chain ( gamma c) (1). The gamma c is also a subunit of the receptors for IL-2, -4, -9, -15, and -21 (1). IL-7 R alpha is expressed on double negative (CD4-CD8-) and CD4+ or CD8+ single positive memory T cells, but undergoes IL-7-mediated down-regulation and shedding during antigen-driven T cell proliferation, and is absent on regulatory T cells (1, 2, 6-11). IL-7 contributes to the maintenance of all memory T cells, mainly by promoting expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 (9-11). It is required for optimal T cell-dendritic cell interaction (6). IL-7 is expressed early in B cell development prior to the appearance of surface IgM (1, 5, 9). In mouse, IL-7 activation of IL-7 R alpha is critical for both T cell and B cell lineage development, while in humans, it is required for T cell but not for B cell development (4, 9, 12, 13).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Sasson, S.C. et al. (2006) Curr. Drug Targets 7:1571.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Barata, J.T. et al. (2006) Exp. Hematol. 34:1133.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Goodwin, R.G. et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:302.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Namen, A.E. et al. (1988) Nature 333:571.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Shalapour, S. et al. (2012) PLoS ONE 7: e31939.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Saini, M. et al. (2009) Blood 113:5793.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Park, J.H. et al. (2004) Immunity 21:289.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Vranjkovic, A. et al. (2007) Int. Immunol. 19:1329.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Sudo, T. et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 90:9125.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Seddon, B. et al. (2003) Nat. Immunol. 4:680.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Schluns, K.S. et al. (2000) Nat. Immunol. 5:426.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Peschon, J.J. et al. (1994) J. Exp. Med. 180:1955.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Pribyl, J.A. and T.W. LeBien (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93:10348.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIL7; IL-7; IL-7interleukin-7; interleukin 7; Lymphopoietin-1; PBGF\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP10168\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-7 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eGlu26-Ile154\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e14.9 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL).\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.01-0.2 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL7_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755590322\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL7_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755590322\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP600.pdf?v=1755589674\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL7\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241399746741,"sku":"RP600-10UG","price":103.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241399779509,"sku":"RP600-50UG","price":258.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241399812277,"sku":"RP600-1MG","price":2884.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_f1f73b28-79c5-43c6-b4f6-77c0a367f4c9.jpg?v=1750429435"},{"product_id":"mouse-il6","title":"Mouse IL6","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-6 (IL-6) plays important roles in the acute phase reaction, inflammation, hematopoiesis, bone metabolism, and cancer progression (1 - 5). Mature mouse IL-6 is 187 amino acids (aa) in length and shares 39% and 85% aa sequence identity with human and rat IL-6, respectively (6 - 8). IL-6 induces signaling through a cell surface heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a ligand binding subunit (IL-6 R alpha) and a signal transducing subunit (gp130). IL-6 binds to IL-6 R alpha, triggering IL-6 R alpha association with gp130 and gp130 dimerization (9). Soluble forms of IL-6 R alpha are generated by both alternative splicing and proteolytic cleavage (5). In a mechanism known as trans-signaling, complexes of soluble IL-6 and IL-6 R alpha elicit responses from gp130-expressing cells that lack cell surface IL-6 R alpha (5). Trans-signaling enables a wider range of cell types to respond to IL-6, as the expression of gp130 is ubiquitous, while that of IL-6 R alpha is predominantly restricted to hepatocytes, monocytes, and resting lymphocytes (2, 5). IL-6, along with TNF-alpha and IL-1, drives the acute inflammatory response and the transition from acute inflammation to either acquired immunity or chronic inflammatory disease (1 - 5). When dysregulated, it contributes to chronic inflammation in obesity, insulin resistance, inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, sepsis, and atherosclerosis (1, 2, 5). IL-6 can also function as an anti-inflammatory molecule, as in skeletal muscle where it is secreted in response to exercise (2). In addition, it enhances hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and the differentiation of Th17 cells, memory B cells, and plasma cells (1, 10).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Mansell, A. and B.J. Jenkins (2013) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 24:249.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Schuett, H. et al. (2009) Thromb. Haemost. 102:215.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Erta, M. et al. (2012) Int. J. Biol. Sci. 8:1254.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Garbers, C. et al. (2012) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 23:85.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Mihara, M. et al. (2012) Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 122:143.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Chiu, C.P. et al. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:7099.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Simpson, R.J. et al. (1988) Eur. J. Biochem. 176:187.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Van Snick, J. et al. (1988) Eur. J. Immunol. 18:193.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Murakami, M. et al. (1993) Science 260:1808.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Cerutti, A. et al. (1998) J. Immunol. 160:2145.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eBSF2; BSF-2; CDF; CTL differentiation factor ; HSF; IFNB2; IFN-beta-2; IL6; IL-6\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP08505\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-6 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePhe25-Thr211\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e21.8 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using T1165.85.2.1 mouse plasmacytoma cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.01-0.05 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL6_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755589514\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL6_Gel_filtration.jpg?v=1755589514\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL6_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755589514\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP590.pdf?v=1755589038\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL6\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241400074421,"sku":"RP590-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241400107189,"sku":"RP590-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241400139957,"sku":"RP590-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_97c17f63-1b7f-4958-8790-35181a28fde7.jpg?v=1750429447"},{"product_id":"mouse-il13","title":"Mouse IL13","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-13 (IL-13) , is a 17 kDa immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma and atopy. It is secreted by Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cells, NK cells, visceral smooth muscle cells, eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils (1 - 3). IL-13 circulates as a monomer with two and rat (6, 7). IL-13 has diverse activities on numerous cell types (8). On macrophages, IL-13 suppresses the production of proinflammatory cytokines and other cytotoxic substances. On B cells, IL-13 induces immunoglobulin class switching to IgE, upregulates the expression of MHC class II, CD71, CD72 internal disulfide bonds that contribute to a bundled four alpha -helix configuration (4, 5). Mature mouse IL-13 shares 57%, 75%, and 58% amino acid sequence identity with human, rat, and rhesus IL-13, respectively. Despite the low homology, it exhibits cross-species activity between human, mouse, , and CD23, and costimulates proliferation. IL-13 upregulates IL-6 while downregulating IL-1 and TNF-alpha production by fibroblasts and endothelial cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Wills-Karp, M. (2004) Immunol. Rev. 202:175.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Nakajima, H. and K. Takatsu (2007) Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 142:265.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Brown, K.D. et al. (1989) J. Immunol. 142:679.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Moy, F.J. et al. (2001) J. Mol. Biol. 310:219.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Eisenmesser, E.Z. et al. (2001) J. Mol. Biol. 310:231.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Ruetten, H. and C. Thiemermann (1997) Shock 8:409.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Lakkis, F.G. et al. (1997) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 235:529.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Wynn, T.A. (2003) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 21:425.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eALRHMGC116789; BHR1interleukin-13; IL13; IL-13; IL-13MGC116788; interleukin 13\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP20109\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-13 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSer26-Phe131\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSer26-Phe131\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eUse a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.5-1.5 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL13_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755594484\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL13_Gel_filtration.jpg?v=1755594484\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL13_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755594484\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP610.pdf?v=1755593822\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL13\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241400336565,"sku":"RP610-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241400369333,"sku":"RP610-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241400402101,"sku":"RP610-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_492dd866-1936-480d-9f37-ea796e57db1b.jpg?v=1750429456"},{"product_id":"mouse-il3","title":"Mouse IL3","description":"\u003ch2\u003e  Bcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-3 (IL-3)is a pleiotropic factor produced primarily by activated T cells that can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells as well as various lineage committed progenitors. In addition, IL-3 also affects the functional activity of mature mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and macrophages. Because of its multiple functions and targets, it was originally studied under different names, including mast cell growth factor P-cell stimulating factor, burst promoting activity, multi-colony stimulating factor, thy-1 inducing factor and WEHI-3 growth factor. In addition to activated T cells, other cell types such as human thymic epithelial cells, activated mouse mast cells, mouse keratinocytes and neurons\/astrocytes can also produce IL-3. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human and mouse IL-3 share only 29% sequence identity. Consistent with this lack of homology, IL-3 activity is highly species-specific and human IL-3 does not show activity on mouse cells.IL-3 exerts its biological activities through binding to specific cell surface receptors. The high affinity receptor responsible for IL-3 signaling is composed of alpha and beta subunits. The IL-3R alpha is a member of the cytokine receptor super family and binds IL-3 with low affinity. Two distinct beta subunits, AIC2A ( beta IL-3) and AIC2B ( beta c) are present in mouse cells. beta IL-3 also binds IL-3 with low affinity and forms a high affinity receptor with the alpha subunit. The beta c subunits does not bind any cytokine but forms functional high affinity receptors with the alpha subunit of the IL-3, IL-5 and GM-CSF receptors. Receptors for IL-3 are present on bone marrow progenitors, macrophages, mast cells, eosinophils, megakaryocytes, basophils and various myeloid leukemic cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Yokota, T. et al., 1984, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81:1070.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Fung, M.C. et al., 1984, Nature 307:233.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Miyatake, S. et al., 1985, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:316.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHematopoietic growth factor; IL3; IL-3; interleukin 3 (colony-stimulating factor, multiple); interleukin-3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP01586\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-3 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAsp33-Cys166\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e15.1 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using NFS-60 mouse myelogenous leukemia lymphoblast cells\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 3-12 pg\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL3_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755507683\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL3_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755507683\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP572.pdf?v=1755507318\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL3\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241400533173,"sku":"RP572-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241400565941,"sku":"RP572-50UG","price":361.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241400598709,"sku":"RP572-1MG","price":2678.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_319968a0-546b-4c29-a243-d12f56c50050.jpg?v=1750429465"},{"product_id":"human-il18","title":"Human IL18","description":"Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine in the IL-1 family that exerts distinct immune effects depending on the local cytokine environment. It is expressed as a 24 kDa precursor by endothelial and epithelial cells, keratinocytes, gamma δ T cells, and phagocytes. IL-18 binds to the widely expressed IL-18 R alpha which recruits IL-18 R beta to form the signaling receptor complex. IL-18 also promotes myeloid dendritic cell maturation and triggers neutrophil respiratory burst. In cancer, IL-18 exhibits diverse activities including enhancing anti-tumor immunity, inhibiting or promoting angiogenesis, and promoting tumor cell metastasis (1-5).","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241400795317,"sku":"RP340-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241400828085,"sku":"RP340-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241400860853,"sku":"RP340-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_cfe02069-6ffc-4987-b306-6839c9fc2bcd.jpg?v=1750429474"},{"product_id":"mouse-il2","title":"Mouse IL2","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-2 (IL-2) is an O-glycosylated four α-helix bundle cytokine that has potent stimulatory activity for antigen-activated T cells. It is expressed by CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, γδ T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and eosinophils (1–3). Mature mouse IL-2 shares 56% and 73% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with human and rat IL-2, respectively. It shows strain-specific heterogeneity in an N-terminal region that contains a poly-glutamine stretch (4). Mouse and human IL-2 exhibit cross-species activity (5).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe receptor for IL-2 consists of three subunits that are present on the cell surface in varying preformed complexes (6–8). The 55 kDa IL-2Rα is specific for IL-2 and binds with low affinity. The 75 kDa IL-2Rβ, which is also a component of the IL-15 receptor, binds IL-2 with intermediate affinity. The 64 kDa common γ chain (γc\/IL-2Rγ), which is shared with the receptors for IL-4, -7, -9, -15, and -21, does not independently interact with IL-2. Upon ligand binding, signal transduction is performed by both IL-2Rβ and γc.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIL-2 is best known for its autocrine and paracrine activity on T cells. It drives resting T cells to proliferate and induces IL-2 and IL-2Rα synthesis (1, 2). It contributes to T cell homeostasis by promoting the Fas-induced death of naïve CD4⁺ T cells but not activated CD4⁺ memory lymphocytes (9). IL-2 plays a central role in the expansion and maintenance of regulatory T cells, although it inhibits the development of Th17-polarized cells (10–12). Thus, IL-2 may be a key cytokine in the natural suppression of autoimmunity (13, 14).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Ma, A. et al. (2006) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 24:657.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Gaffen, S.L. and K.D. Liu (2004) Cytokine 28:109.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Kashima, N. et al. (1985) Nature 313:402.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Matesanz, F. et al. (1993) Immunogenetics 38:300.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Mosmann, T.R. et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 138:1813.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Liparoto, S.F. et al. (2002) Biochemistry 41:2543.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Wang, X. et al. (2005) Science 310:1159.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Bodnar, A. et al. (2008) Immunol. Lett. 116:117.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Jaleco, S. et al. (2003) J. Immunol. 171:61.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Malek, T.R. (2003) J. Leukoc. Biol. 74:961.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Laurence, A. et al. (2007) Immunity 26:371.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Kryczek, I. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 178:6730.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Afzali, B. et al. (2007) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 148:32.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14. Fehervari, Z. et al. (2006) Trends Immunol. 27:109.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAldesleukin; IL2; IL-2; IL-2lymphokine; interleukin 2; interleukin-2;T-cell growth factor; TCGF\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP04351\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-2 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAla21-Gln169\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e17.2kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer \u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using CTLL-2 mouse cytotoxic T cells\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.01-0.1 ng\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL2_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755505706\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL2_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755505706\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP570.pdf?v=1755505216\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL2\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241401122997,"sku":"RP570-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241401155765,"sku":"RP570-50UG","price":361.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241401188533,"sku":"RP570-1MG","price":2678.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_84ad7bd2-d36a-461c-89ce-0b461b048560.jpg?v=1750429484"},{"product_id":"human-il18bpa","title":"Human IL18BPa","description":"Interleukin 18 binding protein (IL-18 BP) is a secreted glycoprotein, which functions as an IL-18 antagonist by binding to IL-18 and blocking its biological activity. IL 18 BP bears no amino acid sequence homology to the membrane-associated IL-18 and IL-1 receptor proteins. Viral IL-18 BPs have been shown to bind and inhibit IL-18 responses and may be involved in modulating host immune responses. The expression of IL-18 BP is markedly up-regulated by IFN-gamma, suggesting that IL-18 activity is modulated by a negative feedback mechanism mediated by IL-18 BP (1-3).","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241401450677,"sku":"RP350-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241401483445,"sku":"RP350-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241401516213,"sku":"RP350-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_a1ab4b5a-881a-4e5d-8c56-b8e54ab09d50.jpg?v=1750429492"},{"product_id":"mouse-il15","title":"Mouse IL15","description":"Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a widely expressed 14 kDa cytokine that is structurally and functionally related to IL-2 and plays an important role in many immunological diseases. IL-15 binds with high affinity to IL 15 R alpha. IL-15 associates with IL-15 R alpha in the endoplasmic reticulum, and this complex is expressed on the cell surface. IL-15 induces or enhances the differentiation, maintenance, or activation of multiple T cell subsets including NK, NKT, Th17, Treg, and CD8+ memory cells. IL-15 exhibits anti-tumor activity independent of its actions on NK cells or CD8+ T cells. It also inhibits the deposition of lipid in adipocytes, and its circulating levels are decreased in obesity (1-5).","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241401680053,"sku":"RP620-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241401712821,"sku":"RP620-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241401745589,"sku":"RP620-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_e3c41c01-b6cb-4d54-9b74-48ddb88ae8d5.jpg?v=1750429501"},{"product_id":"mouse-il5","title":"Mouse IL5","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-5 (IL-5)is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the alpha -helical group of cytokines (1 - 3). Unlike other family members, it is present as a covalently linked antiparallel dimer (4, 5). The cDNA for mouse IL-5 encodes a signal peptide and a 113 amino acid (aa) mature protein. Mature mouse IL-5 shares 70%, 94%, 58%, 66%, 59% and 63%, aa sequence identity with human, rat, canine, equine, feline and porcine IL-5, respectively, and shows cross-reactivity with human IL-5 receptor. IL-5 is primarily produced by CD4+ Th2 cells, but also by activated eosinophils, mast cells, EBV-transformed B cells, Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin’s disease, and IL-2-stimulated invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT) (1 - 3, 6 - 8). IL-5 increases production and mobilization of eosinophils and CD34+ progenitors from the bone marrow and causes maturation of eosinophil precursors outside the bone marrow (1, 6, 9, 10). The receptor for human IL-5, mainly expressed by eosinophils, but also found on basophils and mast cells, consists of a unique ligand-binding subunit (IL-5 R alpha ) and a shared signal-transducing subunit, beta c (3, 6, 11). IL-5 R alpha first binds IL-5 at low affinity, then associates with preformed beta c dimers, forming a high-affinity receptor (12).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Rosenberg, H. F. et al. (2007) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119:1303.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Elsas, P.X. and M. I. G. Elsas (2007) Curr. Med. Chem. 14:1925.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Martinez-Moczygemba, M. and D. P. Huston (2003) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 112:653.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Minamitake, Y. et al. (1990) J. Biochem. 107:292.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. McKenzie, A. N. et al. (1991) Mol. Immunol. 28:155.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Shakoory, B. et al. (2004) J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 24:271.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Lalani, T. et al. (1999) Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. 82:317.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Sakuishi, K. et al. (2007) J. Immunol. 179:3452.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Clutterbuck, E. J. et al. (1989) Blood 73:1504.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Cameron, L. et al. (2000) J. Immunol. 164:1538.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Tavernier, J. et al. (1991) Cell 66:1175.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Zaks-Zilberman, M. et al. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283:13398.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIL5; IL-5; IL-5T-cell replacing factor; interleukin 5 (colony-stimulating factor, eosinophil); interleukin-5\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP04401\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-5 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMet21-Gly133\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e13.1 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 17-35.6 pg\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL5_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755592280\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL5_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755592280\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP607.pdf?v=1755592287\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL5\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241401974965,"sku":"RP607-10UG","price":103.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241402007733,"sku":"RP607-50UG","price":258.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241402040501,"sku":"RP607-1MG","price":2884.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_7a131893-b86f-451c-956a-02a7b952c12f.jpg?v=1750429510"},{"product_id":"mouse-il4","title":"Mouse IL4","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-4 (IL-4) , also known as B cell-stimulatory factor-1, is a monomeric, approximately Th2 cytokine that shows pleiotropic effects during immune responses (1-4). Mature mouse IL-4 shares 39%, 39%, and 59% aa sequence identity with bovine, human, and rat IL-4, respectively. Human, mouse, and rat IL-4 are species-specific in their activities (5-7). IL-4 exerts its effects through two receptor complexes (8, 9). The type I receptor, which is expressed on hematopoietic cells, is a heterodimer of the ligand binding IL-4 R alpha and the common gamma chain. The type II receptor on nonhematopoietic cells consists of IL-4 R alpha and IL-13 R alpha 1. The type II receptor also transduces IL-13 mediated signals. IL-4 is primarily expressed by Th2-biased CD4+ T cells, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils (1, 2). It promotes cell proliferation, survival, and immunoglobulin class switch to IgG1 and IgE in mouse B cells, acquisition of the Th2 phenotype by naive CD4+ T cells, priming and chemotaxis of mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils, and the proliferation and activation of epithelial cells (10 - 13). IL-4 plays a dominant role in the development of allergic inflammation and asthma (12, 14).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Benczik, M. and S.L. Gaffen (2004) Immunol. Invest. 33:109.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Chomarat, P. and J. Banchereau (1998) Int. Rev. Immunol. 17:1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Lee, F. et al. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 83:2061.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Noma, Y. et al. (1986) Nature 319:640.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Ramirez, F. et al. (1988) J. Immunol. Meth. 221:141.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Leitenberg, D. and T.L. Feldbush (1988) Cell. Immunol. 111:451.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Mosman, T.R. et al. (1987) J. Immunol. 138:1813.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Mueller, T.D. et al. (2002) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1592:237.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Nelms, K. et al. (1999) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 17:701.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Paludan, S.R. (1998) Scand. J. Immunol. 48:459.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Corthay, A. (2006) Scand. J. Immunol. 64:93.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Ryan, J.J. et al. (2007) Crit. Rev. Immunol. 27:15.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Grone, A. (2002) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 88:1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14. Rosenberg, H.F. et al. (2007) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119:1303.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eB cell growth factor 1; BCDF; BCGF1; BCGF-1; binetrakin; BSF1; BSF-1; IL4; IL-4\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP07750\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived Mouse IL-4 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHis23-Ser140\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e13.4 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using HT-2 mouse T cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.2-1.0 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL4_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755588137\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL4_Gel_filtration.jpg?v=1755588137\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL4_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755588137\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP580.pdf?v=1755588142\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL4\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241402499253,"sku":"RP580-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241402532021,"sku":"RP580-50UG","price":598.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241402564789,"sku":"RP580-1MG","price":5768.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_9698c2cd-7878-493a-9eda-e8d9d7af411d.jpg?v=1750429529"},{"product_id":"human-il13","title":"Human IL13","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-13 (IL-13) is a monomeric 17 kDa immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of allergy, cancer, and tissue fibrosis. It is secreted by several helper T cell subsets, NK cells, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and visceral smooth muscle cells (1-3). Mature human IL-13 shares approximately 58% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-13. Despite the low homology, it exhibits cross-species activity between human, mouse, and rat (4). IL-13 suppresses the production of proinflammatory cytokines and other cytotoxic substances by macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. On B cells, it promotes cellular activation, immunoglobulin class switching to IgE, and the up-regulation of CD23\/Fc epsilon RII (1, 5). IL-13 binds with low affinity to the transmembrane IL-13 R alpha 1 which then forms a signaling complex with the transmembrane IL-4 R alpha (6-8). This high affinity receptor complex also functions as the type 2 IL-4 receptor (6, 7). IL-13 R alpha 2 inhibits responses to both IL-13 and IL-4. It binds IL-13 with high affinity (9, 10) and prevents IL-13 from signaling through the IL-13 R alpha 1\/IL-4 R alpha complex (11, 12). It also blocks signaling through IL-4-occupied IL-13 R alpha 1\/IL-4 R alpha receptor complexes (12, 13). In addition, IL-13-bound IL-13 R alpha 2 can directly promote tumor cell invasiveness and the development of tissue fibrosis (14-16).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Saggini, A. et al. (2011) Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol. 24:305.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Gallo, E. et al. (2012) Eur. J. Immunol. 42:2322.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Liang, H.E. et al. (2012) Nat. Immunol. 13:58.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Ruetten, H. and C. Thiemermann (1997) Shock 8:409.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. McKenzie, A.N. et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:3735.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Aman, M.J. et al. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271:29265.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Zurawski, S.M. et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270:13869.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Andrews, A.L. et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:46073.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Chen, W. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 183:7870.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Daines, M.O. et al. (2007) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 119:375.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Kasaian, M.T. et al. (2011) J. Immunol. 187:561.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Andrews, A.-L. et al. (2006) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 118:858.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Rahaman, S.O. et al. (2002) Cancer Res. 62:1103.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14. Fujisawa, T. et al. (2009) Cancer Res. 69:8678.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15. Fujisawa, T. et al. (2011) Int. J. Cancer 131:344.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e16. Fichtner-Feigl, S. et al. (2006) Nat. Med. 12:99.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL13; interleukin-13; IL13; IL-13; interleukin 13; MGC116786\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAAK53823\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL-13 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eGly21-Asn132\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e13.3 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using TF-1 human erythroleukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.5-2.0 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL13_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754557054\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL13_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754557055\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL13_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754557055\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP310.pdf?v=1754556577\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL13\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241402794165,"sku":"RP310-10UG","price":876.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241402826933,"sku":"RP310-50UG","price":1236.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241402859701,"sku":"RP310-1MG","price":6489.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_81be5e16-7fbb-4788-ae87-17be93c2dadb.jpg?v=1750429540"},{"product_id":"human-il15","title":"Human IL15","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that regulates T and natural killer cell activation and proliferation. This cytokine and interleukine 2 share many biological activities. (1, 2). Mature human IL-15 protein shares 70% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-15. Alternative splicing generates isoforms of Interleukin 15 with either a long or short signal peptide (LSP or SSP), and the SSP isoform is retained intracellularly (3). The IL-15 protein binds with high affinity to IL-15 R alpha (4). It binds with lower affinity to a complex of IL-2 R beta and the common gamma chain ( gamma c) which are also subunits of the IL-2 receptor complex (5). IL-15 associates with IL-15 R alpha in the endoplasmic reticulum, and this complex is expressed on the cell surface (6). The dominant mechanism of IL-15 action is known as transpresentation in which IL-15 and IL-15 R alpha are coordinately expressed on the surface of one cell and interact with complexes of IL-2 R beta \/ gamma c on adjacent cells (7). This enables cells to respond to Interleukin 15 even if they do not express IL-15 R alpha (6). In human and mouse, soluble IL-15-binding forms of IL-15 R alpha can be generated by proteolytic shedding and bind up nearly all the IL-15 protein in circulation (8-10). Soluble IL-15 R alpha functions as an inhibitor that limits IL-15 action (4, 9). Ligation of membrane-associated IL-15\/IL-15 R alpha complexes also induces reverse signaling that promotes activation of the IL-15\/IL-15 R alpha expressing cells (11).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. De Sabatino, A. et al. (2011) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 22:19.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Grabstein, K. et al. (1994) Science 264:965.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Tagaya, Y. et al. (1997) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94:14444.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Giri, J.G. et al. (1995) EMBO J. 14:3654.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Giri, J. et al. (1994) EMBO J. 13:2822.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Dubois, S. et al. (2002) Immunity 17:537.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Castillo, E.F. and K.S. Schluns (2012) Cytokine 59:479.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Budagian, V. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:40368.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Mortier, E. et al. (2004) J. Immunol. 173:1681.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Bergamaschi, C. et al. (2012) Blood 120:e1.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Budagian, V. et al. (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:42192.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIL15; IL-15; IL-15MGC9721; interleukin 15; interleukin-15\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP40933.1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL-15 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAsn49-Ser162\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12.8 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.1-1.0 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL15_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754559364\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL15_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754559364\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL15_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754559364\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP320.pdf?v=1754558839\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL15\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241403547829,"sku":"RP320-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241403580597,"sku":"RP320-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241403613365,"sku":"RP320-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_74377e33-68f0-4093-a4fe-843e0e45d9b7.jpg?v=1750429560"},{"product_id":"human-pdl1","title":"Human PDL1","description":"PDL1 is one of the ligands for PD-1 and plays a critical role in the regulation of T cell immunity. Mature human PDL1 protein is is expressed on inflammatory-activated immune cells including macrophages, T cells, and B cells, keratinocytes, endothelial and intestinal epithelial cells, as well as a variety of carcinomas and melanoma. The PD-1:PD-L1 interaction initiates a negative signaling cascade in T cells leading to inhibition of T cell activation. Many cancers exhibit upregulated PD-L1 protein expression, and several cancers with high levels of PD-L1 have been associated with increased tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Using new therapeutics that block the PD-L1:PD-1 interaction has proven successful in the clinic for many cancer types and has sparked great interest in the field of cancer immunotherapy （1-5）.","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241403809973,"sku":"RP457-10UG","price":85.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241403842741,"sku":"RP457-50UG","price":155.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241403875509,"sku":"RP457-1MG","price":1010.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_86e3f2c7-e9bd-4dc8-b510-832aea29fce4.jpg?v=1750429569"},{"product_id":"mouse-ifng","title":"Mouse IFNg","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) , also known as type II or immune interferon, exerts a wide range of immunoregulatory activities and is considered to be the prototype proinflammatory cytokine (1, 2). Mature mouse IFN-gamma exists as a noncovalently linked homodimer of 20-25 kDa variably glycosylated subunits (3). It shares 86% amino acid sequence identity with rat IFN-gamma and 38%-44% with bovine, canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, human, porcine, and rhesus IFN-gamma. IFN-gamma dimers bind to IFN- gamma RI (alpha subunits) which then interact with IFN-gamma RII (beta subunits) to form the functional receptor complex of two alpha and two beta subunits. Inclusion of IFN-gamma RII increases the binding affinity for ligand and the efficiency of signal transduction (4, 5). IFN-gamma is produced by a variety of immune cells under inflammatory conditions, notably by T cells and NK cells (6). It plays a key role in host defense by promoting the development and activation of Th1 cells, chemoattraction and activation of monocytes and macrophages, up-regulation of antigen presentation molecules, and immunoglobulin class switching in B cells. It also exhibits antiviral, antiproliferative, and apoptotic effects (6, 7). In addition, IFN-gamma functions as an anti-inflammatory mediator by promoting the development of regulatory T cells and inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation (8, 9). The pleiotropic effects of IFN-gamma contribute to the development of multiple aspects of atherosclerosis (7).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Billiau, A. and P. Matthys (2009) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 20:97.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Pestka, S. et al. (2004) Immunol. Rev. 202:8.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Gray, P.W. and D.V. Goeddel (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 80:5842.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Marsters, S.A. et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 92:5401.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Krause, C.D. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:22995.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Schroder, K. et al. (2004) J. Leukoc. Biol. 75:163.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. McLaren, J.E. and D.P. Ramji (2009) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 20:125.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Muhl, H. and J. Pfeilschifter (2003) Int. Immunopharmacol. 3:1247.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Kelchtermans, H. et al. (2008) Trends Immunol. 29:479.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIFG; IFI; IFNG; IFNgamma; IFN-gamma; Immune interferon; interferon gamma; interferon, gamma\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP01580\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IFN-gamma protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHis23-Cys155\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e15.5 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in an anti-viral assay using L-929 mouse fibroblast cells infected with encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.03-0.1 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IFNg_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755571992\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IFNg_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755571992\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP577.pdf?v=1755571663\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IFNg\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241404039349,"sku":"RP577-10UG","price":85.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241404072117,"sku":"RP577-50UG","price":155.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241404104885,"sku":"RP577-1MG","price":1010.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_f16a035b-9da3-415c-af30-3690972b8668.jpg?v=1750429577"},{"product_id":"mouse-m-csf","title":"Mouse M-CSF","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMacrophage Colony Stimulating Factor(M-CSF),also known as CSF-1, is a four-alpha -helical-bundle cytokine that is the primary regulator of macrophage survival, proliferation and differentiation (1-3). M-CSF protein is also essential for the survival and proliferation of osteoclast progenitors (1, 4). M-CSF also primes and enhances macrophage killing of tumor cells and microorganisms, regulates the release of cytokines and other inflammatory modulators from macrophages, and stimulates pinocytosis (2, 3). M-CSF increases during pregnancy to support implantation and growth of the decidua and placenta (5). Sources of M-CSF include fibroblasts, activated macrophages, endometrial secretory epithelium, bone marrow stromal cells and activated endothelial cells (1-5). The M-CSF receptor (c-fms) transduces its pleotropic effects and mediates its endocytosis. The first 229 aa of mature mouse M-CSF shares 87%, 83%, 82% and 81% aa identity with corresponding regions of rat, dog, cow and human M-CSF, respectively (9, 10). Human M-CSF is active in the mouse, but mouse M-CSF is reported to be species-specific.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Pixley, F.J. and E.R. Stanley (2004) Trends Cell Biol. 14:628.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Chitu, V. and E.R. Stanley (2006) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 18:39.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Fixe, P. and V. Praloran (1997) Eur. Cytokine Netw. 8:125.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Ryan, G.R. et al. (2001) Blood 98:74.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Makrigiannakis, A. et al. (2006) Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 17:178.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. DeLamarter, J.F. et al. (1987) Nucleic Acids Res. 15:2389.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7 Ladner, M.B. et al. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:6706.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ecolony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage); CSF1; CSF-1; MCSF; M-CSF\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP07141\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived Mouse M-CSF protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eLys33-Glu262\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e26 kDa(Monomer)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eForm\/Structure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDimer in solution\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eUse a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using M-NFS-60 mouse myelogenous leukemia lymphoblast cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.2-1.5 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_M-CSF_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755760087\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_M-CSF_Gel_filtration.jpg?v=1755760087\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_M-CSF_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755760088\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP650.pdf?v=1755760096\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse M-CSF\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241404661941,"sku":"RP650-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241404694709,"sku":"RP650-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241404727477,"sku":"RP650-1MG","price":4326.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_40fcb670-3f41-43ed-a67b-36d30e1e8dd1.jpg?v=1750429587"},{"product_id":"human-prolactin","title":"Human Prolactin","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eProlactin (gene name PRL) is a secreted neuroendocrine pituitary hormone that acts primarily on the mammary gland to promote lactation, but has pleiotropic effects in both males and females (1-6). Prolactin is predominantly found as 199 amino acid, 25 kDa glycosylated and 23 kDa non-glycosylated monomers (6). Human prolactin shares only 60% and 63% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat prolactin, respectively, although rat prolactin can activate the human prolactin receptor (3). Post-translational modifications such as polymerization, complex formation with IgG (in humans), glycosy-lation, and proteolytic cleavage can alter the activities of prolactin (6-8). Non-glycosylated prolactin is produced by the pituitary and packaged in storage granules before secretion, while glycosylated prolactin is reported to be constitutively secreted, have lower biological potency, and be removed from the circulation more quickly (3, 6, 7). Cleavage by matrix metalloproteinases or Cathepsin D can produce N-terminal 16 kDa antiangiogenic fragments also called vasoinhibins (9, 10). Thrombin can produce C-terminal 16 kDa fragments that are not antiangiogenic (3). Prolactin is synthesized mainly by the anterior pituitary in all mammals, where secretion is under tonic inhibition by hypothalamic dopamine (2, 3). In humans, prolactin is also produced peripherally (2-5). Prolactin expression is low during early human pregnancy, but increases in late pregnancy (2, 3). The prolactin receptor (gene name PRLR) is a transmembrane type I glycoprotein that belongs to the cytokine hematopoietic receptor family. Expression of the prolactin receptor is widespread (2-5). \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1. Cooke, N.E. et al. (1981) J. Biol. Chem. 256:4007.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2. Grattan, D.R. and I.C. Kokay (2008) J. Neuroendocrinol. 20:752.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e3. Ben-Jonathan, N. et al. (2008) Endocr. Rev. 29:1.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e4. Bernichtein, S. et al. (2010) J. Endocrinol. 206:1.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e5. Goffin, V. et al. (2011) Nat. Rev. Urology 8:597.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e6. Price, A.E. et al. (1995) Endoc. 136:4827.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e7. Hoffmann, T. et al. (1993) J. Endoc. Invest. 16:807.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e8. Cole, E. et al. (1991) Endoc. 129:2639.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e9. Piwnica, D. et al. (2006) Mol. Endocrinol. 20:3263.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e10. Macotela, Y. et al. (2006) J. Cell Sci. 119:1790.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePRL; Prolactin\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP01236\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human Prolactin protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eLeu29-Cys227\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e22.9 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eForm\/Structure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDimer in solution\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using Nb2-11 rat lymphoma cells\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 5-14.8 pg\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_Prolactin_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755595459\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_Prolactin_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755595459\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP611.pdf?v=1755595670\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Prolactin\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241404956853,"sku":"RP611-10UG","price":85.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241404989621,"sku":"RP611-50UG","price":155.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241405022389,"sku":"RP611-1MG","price":1319.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_b7b11b1a-fdb8-4c8a-921b-c4e1c9a49c88.jpg?v=1750429597"},{"product_id":"human-gdnf","title":"Human GDNF","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGlial Cell Line-derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)is a neurotrophic factor that has been shown to promote the survival of various neuronal subpopulations in both the central as well as the peripheral nervous systems at different stages of their development. Neuronal subpopulations that have been shown to be affected by GDNF include motoneurons, midbrain dopaminergic neurons, Purkinje cells and sympathetic neurons.Native GDNF, a disulfide-linked homodimeric glycoprotein, is a novel member of the TGF-beta superfamily. Human GDNF cDNA encodes a 211 amino acid residue prepropeptide that is processed to yield a dimeric protein. Mature human GDNF was predicted to contain two 134 amino acid residue subunits. NS0 expressed mature human GDNF lacks 31 residues from the amino-terminus of the predicted sequence. This glycosylated recombinant mature human GDNF still contains the seven conserved Cys residues found in all members of the TGF-beta superfamily and is biologically active. The GDNF sequence contains two potential glycosylation sites and insect cell-expressed recombinant rat GDNF proteins are glycosylated. Mature rat and human GDNF exhibit approximately 93% amino acid sequence identity and show considerable species cross-reactivity. Cells known to express GDNF include Sertoli cells, type 1 astrocytes, Schwann cells, neurons, pinealocytes and skeletal muscle cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Oppenheim RW, et al. (1995) Nature. 373 (6512): 344-6.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Tomac A, et al. (1995) Nature. 373 (6512): 335-9.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Schindelhauer D, et al. (1996) Genomics. 28 (3): 605-7.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eGDNF;ATF; ATF1; ATF2; glial cell derived neurotrophic factor; HFB1-GDNF; HGDNF; HSCR3\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP39905\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human GDNF protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eArg109-Ile211\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e11.6 kDa (monomer)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eForm\/Structure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDimer in solution\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.1-2 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_GDNF_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755245603\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_GDNF_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755245602\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP458.pdf?v=1755245641\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman GDNF\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241405448373,"sku":"RP458-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241405481141,"sku":"RP458-50UG","price":567.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241405513909,"sku":"RP458-1MG","price":4738.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_b15807d9-8569-4c37-9092-e389e66775a5.jpg?v=1750429615"},{"product_id":"human-il9","title":"Human IL9","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-9 (IL-9) ,also known as P40 and MEA (mast cell growth-enhancing activity), is a 30-40 kDa glycosylated member of a cytokine family that includes Interleukins-2, -4, -7, -15, and -21. These proteins utilize heteromeric receptors containing the Common gamma chain ( gamma c) in addition to ligand-specific subunits. IL-9 interacts selectively with IL-9 R which then associates with gamma c to form the functional receptor complex. IL-9 contributes to allergic inflammation, autoimmunity-induced inflammation, parasite clearance from the GI tract, and Treg-mediated immune suppression (1, 2). It enhances the expansion and recruitment of mast cells and eosinophils as well as the production of IgE and Th2 cytokines (3-6). It is required for anaphylactic responses to ingested allergens but not to systemic allergens (7). IL-9 plays multiple roles in the development and function of subsets within the CD4+ T cell lineage (8). It is expressed by activated Th9, Th17, Treg, and Th2 cells (3, 9-12). IL-9 acts as an autocrine growth and activation factor for Th17, Treg, and mast cells (3, 11, 13).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Noelle, R.J. and E.C. Nowak (2010) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 10:683.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. Goswami, R. and M.H. Kaplan (2011) J. Immunol. 186:3283.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3. Nowak, E.C. et al. (2009) J. Exp. Med. 206:1653.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e4. Townsend, M.J. et al. (2000) Immunity 13:573.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e5. Leech, M.D. and R.K. Grencis (2006) J. Immunol. 176:2505.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e6. Fawaz, L.M. et al. (2007) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 120:1208.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e7. Osterfeld, H. et al. (2010) J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 125:469.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e8. Jabeen, R. and M.H. Kaplan (2012) Curr. Opin. Immunol. 24:303.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e9. Tan, C. et al. (2010) J. Immunol. 185:6795.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e10. Jager, A. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 183:7169.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e11. Elyaman, W. et al. (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106:12885.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e12. Lu, L.-F. et al. (2006) Nature 442:997.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e13. Stassen, M. et al. (2000) J. Immunol. 164:5549.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL9; IL9; IL-9; interleukin 9; Cytokine P40; HP40\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP15248\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL9 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eGln19-Ile144\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e14.1 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer to a concentration of 0.2 mg\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 100-200 pg\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL9_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754532735\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL9_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754532735\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg style=\"float: none;\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL9_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754532735\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP290.pdf?v=1754552413\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL9\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241405972661,"sku":"RP290-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241406005429,"sku":"RP290-50UG","price":639.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241406038197,"sku":"RP290-1MG","price":5356.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_1c3299bd-281b-4424-9d00-d5252fd912c3.jpg?v=1750429633"},{"product_id":"human-il8","title":"Human IL8","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-8 (IL-8) , also known as CXCL8, GCP-1, and NAP-1, is a widely expressed proinflammatory member of the CXC family of chemokines. Near its N-terminus, this 8-9 kDa chemokine contains an ELR motif which is important for its angiogenic properties (1). IL-8\/CXCL8 can associate into a homodimer or a heterodimer with CXCL4\/PF4 (2), and it can also interact with matrix and cell surface glycosaminoglycans (3). Mature human IL-8\/CXCL8 shares 65%-69% amino acid (aa) sequence identiity with canine, feline, and porcine IL-8\/CXCL8 (4). There is no IL-8\/CXCL8 gene counterpart in rodent. N-terminal truncation by multiple proteases generates a range ofshorter forms, and an alternative splice form of human IL-8\/CXCL8 carries an eleven aa substitution at the C-terminus (5). The bioactivity of IL-8\/CXCL8 is regulated by these truncations, by IL-8\/CXCL8 citrullination at Arg5 (N-terminal to the ELR motif) (6), and by the decoy receptor DARC (7). IL-8\/CXCL8 effects are mediated through CXCR1\/IL-8 RA, which is also used by CXCL6, and through CXCR2\/IL-8 RB, which is used by multiple CXC chemokines (1). CXCR1 and CXCR2 associate into functional homodimers and heterodimers with each other (8). Through both CXCR1 and CXC R2, CXCL8 promotes neutrophil adhesion to the vascular endothelium and migration to sites of inflammation (9). It triggers the antimicrobial activation of neutrophils through CXCR1 (10).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Lazennec, G. and A. Richmond (2010) Trends Mol. Med. 16:133.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Nesmelova, I.V. et al. (2005) J. Biol. Chem. 280:4948.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Pichert, A. et al. (2012) Biomatter 2:142.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Schmid, J. and C. Weissmann (1987) J. Immunol. 139:250.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Mortier, A. et al. (2008) Pharmacol. Ther. 120:197.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Proost, P. et al. (2008) J. Exp. Med. 205:2085.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Neote, K. et al. (1994) Blood 84:44.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Munoz, L.M. et al. (2009) J. Immunol. 183:7337.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Gerszten, R.E. et al. (1999) Nature 398:718.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Jones, S.A. et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93:6682.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e3-10C; AMCF-I; C-X-C motif chemokine 8; CXCL8; CXCL8SCYB8; Emoctakin; GCP1;IL8;\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP10145.1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL-8\/CXCL8 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSer28-Ser99\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e8.5 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured by its ability to chemoattract BaF3 mouse pro-B cells transfected with human CXCR2.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe ED50 for this effect is 0.2-1.0 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL8_sds.jpg?v=1754472086\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL8_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754472086\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL8_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754472086\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP280.pdf?v=1754471521\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL8\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241406234805,"sku":"RP280-10UG","price":155.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241406267573,"sku":"RP280-50UG","price":371.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241406300341,"sku":"RP280-1MG","price":3070.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_521ba263-e3e9-4f0e-8a5e-fb69c178f5cd.jpg?v=1750429644"},{"product_id":"human-il7","title":"Human IL7","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-7 (IL-7) , is a 25 kDa cytokine of the hemopoietin family that plays important roles in lymphocyte differentiation, proliferation, and survival (1-4). Human IL-7 cDNA encodes 177 amino acids (aa) that include a 25 aa signal peptide (3). Human IL-7 shares approximately 60-63% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, canine and feline IL-7, and 72-76% with equine, bovine, ovine, porcine, feline and canine IL-7. Human and mouse IL-7 exhibit cross-species activity (2, 3). IL-7 protein is produced by a wide variety of cells in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues, including stromal epithelial cells of the thymus, bone marrow, and intestines (1, 2, 5). Circulating IL-7 protein is limiting in healthy animals, but increases during lymphopenia (1, 6). IL-7 signals through a complex of the IL-7 Receptor alpha subunit (IL-7 R alpha, also known as CD127) with the common gamma chain ( gamma c) (1).IL-7 contributes to the maintenance of all naive and memory T cells, mainly by promoting expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 (7-9). It is required for optimal T cell-dendritic cell interaction (6). IL-7 is expressed early in B cell development prior to the appearance of surface IgM (1, 5, 7). In mouse, IL-7 activation of IL-7 R alpha is critical for both T cell and B cell lineage development, while in humans, it is required for T cell but not for B cell development (4, 7, 10, 11). However, IL-7 functions in both mouse and human pro-B cells to suppress premature Ig light chain recombination during proliferative growth (12, 13).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Sasson, S.C. et al. (2006) Curr. Drug Targets 7:1571.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Barata, J.T. et al. (2006) Exp. Hematol. 34:1133.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Goodwin, R.G. et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:302.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Namen, A.E. et al. (1988) Nature 333:571.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Shalapour, S. et al. (2012) PLoS ONE 7: e31939.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Saini, M. et al. (2009) Blood 113:5793.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Sudo, T. et al. (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 90:9125.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Seddon, B. et al. (2003) Nat. Immunol. 4:680.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Schluns, K.S. et al. (2000) Nat. Immunol. 5:426.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Peschon, J.J. et al. (1994) J. Exp. Med. 180:1955.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Pribyl, J.A. and T.W. LeBien (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 93:10348.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Johnson, K. et al. (2012) J. Immunol. 188:6084.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Nodland, S.E. et al. (2011) Blood 118:2116.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman IL7; hIL-7; Interleukin-7; interleukin 7; Lymphopoietin-1; PBGF\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP13232\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL-7 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAsp26-His177\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e17.4 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using PHA-activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL).\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.1-0.5 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL7_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754470559\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL7_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754470559\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL7_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754470558\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP270.pdf?v=1754470394\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL7\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241406791861,"sku":"RP270-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241406824629,"sku":"RP270-50UG","price":639.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241406857397,"sku":"RP270-1MG","price":5356.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_21476158-3bfc-402b-ae5d-680a986df4f6.jpg?v=1750429658"},{"product_id":"human-il6","title":"Human IL6","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional α-helical cytokine that regulates cell growth and differentiation of various tissues (1, 2). Mature human IL-6 is 183 amino acids in length and shares 39% sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-6 (3). Alternative splicing generates several isoforms with internal deletions, some of which exhibit antagonistic properties (4-7). IL-6 induces signaling through a cell surface heterodimeric receptor complex composed of a ligand binding subunit (IL-6R alpha) and a signal transducing subunit (gp130). IL-6 binds to IL-6R alpha, triggering IL-6R alpha association with gp130 (8). gp130 is also a component of the receptors for CLC, CNTF, CT-1, IL-11, IL-27, LIF, and OSM (9). Soluble forms of IL-6 R alpha are generated by both alternative splicing and proteolytic cleavage (2). In a mechanism known as trans-signaling, complexes of soluble IL-6 and IL-6 R alpha elicit responses from gp130 -expressing cells that lack cell surface IL-6 R alpha (2). Trans-signaling enables a wider range of cell types to respond to IL-6, as the expression of gp130 is ubiquitous, while that of IL-6 R alpha is predominantly restricted to hepatocytes, monocytes, and resting lymphocytes (2). Soluble splice forms of gp130 block trans-signaling from IL-6\/IL-6 R alpha but not from other cytokines that use gp130 as a co-receptor (2, 10). IL-6, along with TNF-alpha and IL-1, drives the acute inflammatory response and the transition from acute inflammation to either acquired immunity or chronic inflammatory disease (1, 2). When dysregulated, it contributes to chronic inflammation in obesity, insulin resistance, inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis, sepsis, and atherosclerosis (1, 2, 5).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Mansell, A. and B.J. Jenkins (2013) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 24:249.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Mihara, M. et al. (2012) Clin. Sci. (Lond.) 122:143.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Hirano, T. et al. (1986) Nature 324:73.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Kestler, D.P. et al. (1995) Blood 86:4559.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Kestler, D.P. et al. (1999) Am. J. Hematol. 61:169.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Bihl, M.P. et al. (2002) Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 27:48.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Alberti, L. et al. (2005) Cancer Res. 65:2.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Murakami, M. et al. (1993) Science 260:1808.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Muller-Newen, G. (2003) Sci. STKE 2003:PE40.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Mitsuyama, K. et al. (2006) Clin. Exp. Immunol. 143:125.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIL6, B-cell differentiation factor, B-cell stimulatory factor 2, BSF2, CDF, CTL differentiation factor\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eQ75MH2\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL-6 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePro29-Met212\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e21.0 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using T1165.85.2.1 mouse plasmacytoma cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.1-0.5 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL6_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754468327\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL6_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754468327\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL6_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754468327\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP260.pdf?v=1754468099\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL6\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241407119541,"sku":"RP260-10UG","price":155.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241407152309,"sku":"RP260-50UG","price":371.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241407185077,"sku":"RP260-1MG","price":3070.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_65cadf7d-7e43-418e-b443-e03f1e9a43a1.jpg?v=1750429670"},{"product_id":"human-thy1","title":"Human Thy1","description":"CD90, also known as Thy1, is an approximately 25-35 kDa glycoprotein that mediates cellular adhesion and exerts wide ranging effects in different tissues. CD90 is expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells, neurons, and activated vascular endothelial cells. CD90 can form dimers and higher order multimers. It binds to heparin, the proteoglycan Syndecan-4, and Integrins alpha M beta 2, alpha V beta 3, and alpha V beta 5. Through these interactions, CD90 inhibits neurite outgrowth, promotes astrocyte adhesion, mediates the adhesion and extravasation of leukocytes and melanoma cells, supports the Thrombospondin-1 induced disassembly of fibroblast focal adhesions, and inhibits the activation of latent TGF-beta 1, myofibroblast differentiation, and lung fibrosis (1-5).","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241407414453,"sku":"RP830-10UG","price":165.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241407447221,"sku":"RP830-50UG","price":351.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241407479989,"sku":"RP830-1MG","price":2884.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_9633ccba-18b3-4bed-8bdb-6c83fd71ce5a.jpg?v=1750429683"},{"product_id":"human-thy1-1","title":"Human THY1","description":"Thy1 is a glycoprotein that mediates cellular adhesion and exerts a wide range of effects in different tissues. It is expressed on hematopoietic progenitor cells, lymphoid cells, neurons, and activated vascular endothelial cells, and it can form dimers and higher order multimers. Thy1 binds to heparin, the proteoglycan Syndecan-4, and Integrins alpha M beta 2, alpha V beta 3, and alpha V beta 5, inhibiting neurite outgrowth, and promoting astrocyte adhesion, mediating the adhesion and extravasation of leukocytes and melanoma cells, supporting the Thrombospondin-1 induced disassembly of fibroblast focal adhesions, and inhibiting the activation of latent TGF-beta 1, myofibroblast differentiation, and lung fibrosis (1-5).","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241407643829,"sku":"RP453-10UG","price":85.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241407676597,"sku":"RP453-50UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241407709365,"sku":"RP453-1MG","price":1545.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_a77e945c-6835-446d-9a68-b3e65246d4c4.jpg?v=1750429691"},{"product_id":"mouse-il1a","title":"Mouse IL1a","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIL-1 alpha is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. Cytokines are proteinaceous signaling compounds that are major mediators of the immune response. They control many different cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival\/apoptosis but are also involved in several pathophysiological processes including viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Cytokines are synthesized under various stimuli by a variety of cells of both the innate (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells) and adaptive (T- and B-cells) immune systems. Cytokines can be classified into two groups: pro- and anti-inflammatory. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFNgamma, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha, are predominantly derived from the innate immune cells and Th1 cells. Anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5, are synthesized from Th2 immune cells. IL-1 alpha is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various immune responses, inflammatory processes, and hematopoiesis. It is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. IL-1 alpha stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Nicklin MJ,et al. (1994)Genomics. 19(2):382-4.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. March CJ, et al. (1985) Nature. 315(6021):641-7.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Bankers-Fulbright JL, et al. (1996) Life Sci. 59(2):61-83.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Dinarello CA, et al. (1997) Semin Oncol. 24 (3 Suppl 9):S9-81-S9-93.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIL1 alpha; IL-1 alpha; IL1; IL1A; IL-1A; IL1-ALPHA; IL1F1; IL-1F1; IL1F1hematopoietin-1\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP01582\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-1a protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSer113-Ala271\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e18.0 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using D10.G4.1 mouse helper T cells\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.1-2 pg\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL1a_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755673644\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL1a_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755673644\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP613.pdf?v=1755671462\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL1a\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241407905973,"sku":"RP613-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241407938741,"sku":"RP613-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241407971509,"sku":"RP613-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_4a6f7b0e-622f-4233-828d-d986e4abfe9b.jpg?v=1750429700"},{"product_id":"mouse-il1b","title":"Mouse IL1b","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin 1 is a name that designates two pleiotropic cytokines, IL-1 alpha (IL-1F1) and IL-1 beta (IL-1F2), which are the products of distinct genes. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are structurally related polypeptides that share approximately 17% amino acid (aa) identity in mouse. Both proteins are produced by a widevariety of cells in response to inflammatory agents, infections, or microbial endotoxins. While IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are regulated independently, theybind to the same receptor and exert identical biological effec(ts1-4). The mouse IL-1 beta cDNA encodes a 269 aa precursor. A 117 aa propeptide is cleaved intracellularly by thecysteine protease IL-1 beta -converting enzyme (Caspase-1\/ICE) to generate the active cytokine (5, 6). The 17 kDa mature mouse IL-1 beta shares 90% aa sequence identity with cotton rat and rat and 65%-78% identity with canine, equine, feline, human, porcine, and rhesus IL-1 beta.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Allan, S.M. et al. (2005) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 5:629.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Boraschi, D. and A. Tagliabue (2006) Vitam. Horm. 74:229.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Kornman, K.S. (2006) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 83:475S.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Isoda, K. and F. Ohsuzu (2006) J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 13:21.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Gray, P.W. et al. (1986) J. Immunol. 137:3644.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Martinon, F. and J. Tschopp (2007) Cell Death Differ. 14:10.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIL1 beta; IL-1; IL1B; IL-1b; IL1-BETA; IL-1F2; IL1F2IL-1 beta; interleukin 1-beta\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eNP_032387\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse IL-1 beta\/IL-1F2 protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eVal118-Ser269\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e17.5 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using D10.G4.1 mouse helper T cells\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 1-4 pg\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL1b_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755507228\" alt=\"Mouse IL1b\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL1b_Gel_filtration.jpg?v=1755507228\" alt=\"Mouse IL1b\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_IL1b_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755507228\" alt=\"Mouse IL1b\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP571.pdf?v=1755507271\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse IL1b\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241408200885,"sku":"RP571-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241408233653,"sku":"RP571-50UG","price":567.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241408266421,"sku":"RP571-1MG","price":4738.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_56a2e71f-cb53-4c4f-9595-039e5a85956f.jpg?v=1750429711"},{"product_id":"mouse-leptin","title":"Mouse LEPTIN","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLeptin is secreted by white adipocytes into the circulation and plays a major role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Circulating leptin binds to the leptin receptor in the brain, which activates downstream signaling pathways that inhibit feeding and promote energy expenditure. This protein also has several endocrine functions, and is involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, hematopoiesis, angiogenesis, reproduction, bone formation and wound healing. Mutations in this gene and its regulatory regions cause severe obesity and morbid obesity with hypogonadism in human patients. A mutation in this gene has also been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus development.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eLEP; leptin (murine obesity homolog); leptin (obesity homolog, mouse); \u003cbr\u003eLeptin; OB; Obese protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP41160\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse Leptin protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eVal22-Cys167\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e41.8 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 as supplied\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e≥95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e＜0.01 EU per 1 µg of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using BaF3 mouse pro-B cells transfected \u003cbr\u003ewith human Leptin R. The EC50 for this effect is 0.075-0.45 ng\/mL\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_LEPTIN_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755769756\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_LEPTIN_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755769756\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP881.pdf?v=1755769803\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse LEPTIN\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241408495797,"sku":"RP881-10UG","price":83.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241408528565,"sku":"RP881-50UG","price":165.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241408561333,"sku":"RP881-1MG","price":258.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_cede90fc-52a8-4a62-8c9b-c6432b1d3f2b.jpg?v=1750429720"},{"product_id":"mouse-hgf","title":"Mouse HGF","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHepatocyte Growth Factor(HGF) , also known as Scatter Factor and Hepatopoietin A, is a pleiotropic protein in the Plasminogen subfamily of S1 peptidases. It is a multidomain molecule that includes an N-terminal PAN\/APPLE-like domain, four Kringle domains, and a serine proteinase-like domain that has no detectable protease activity (1 - 5). Mouse HGF is secreted as an inactive 728 amino acid (aa) single chain propeptide. It is cleaved after the fourth Kringle domain by a serine protease to form bioactive disulfide-linked HGF with a 60 kDa alpha and 30 kDa beta chain. Alternate splicing generates an isoform that lacks the peptidase and the second, third, and fourth Kringle domains. Mouse HGF shares 91% - 95% aa sequence identity with bovine, canine, feline, human, and rat HGF. HGF binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans and the widely expressed receptor tyrosine kinase, HGF R\/c-MET (6, 7). HGF-dependent c-MET activation is implicated in the development of many human cancers (8). HGF regulates epithelial morphogenesis by inducing cell scattering and branching tubulogenesis (9, 10). HGF induces the up-regulation of integrin alpha 2 beta 1 in epithelial cells by a selective increase in alpha 2 gene transcription (11). This integrin serves as a collagen I receptor, and its blockade disrupts epithelial cell branching tubulogenesis (11, 12). HGF can also alter epithelium morphology by the induction of nectin-1 alpha ectodomain shedding, an adhesion protein component of adherens junctions (13). In the thyroid, HGF induces the proliferation, motility, and loss of differentiation markers of thyrocytes and inhibits TSH-stimulated iodine uptake (14).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Karihaloo, A. et al. (2005) Nephron Exp. Nephrol. 100:e40.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Hammond, D.E. et al. (2004) Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 286:21.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Rosario, M. and W. Birchmeier (2004) Dev. Cell 7:3.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Lesk, A.M. and W.D. Fordham (1996) J. Mol. Biol. 258:501.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Sasaki, M. et al. (1994) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 199:772.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Mizuno, K., et al. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269:1131.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Gheradi, E. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:12039.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Corso, S. et al. (2005) Trends Mol. Med. 11:284.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Maeshima, A. et al. (2000) Kid. Int. 58:1511.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Montesano, R. et al. (1991) Cell 67:901.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Chiu, S-J. et al. (2002) J. Biomed. Sci. 9:261.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Saelman, E.U.M. et al. (1995) J. Cell Sci. 108:3531.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Tanaka, Y. et al. (2002) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 299:472.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14. Mineo, R. et al. (1994) Endocrinology 145:4355.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eF-TCF; hepatocyte growth factor (hepapoietin A; scatter factor); Hepatopoeitin-A; Hepatopoietin A; HGF\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eQ08048\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived mouse HGF protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eGln33-Arg495 (alpha) \u0026amp; Val496-Leu728 (beta)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e79.3kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 90px;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 36px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 36px;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using mIMCD-3 mouse epithelial cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 18px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 18px;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 1-10 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE \u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_HGF_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755763014\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Mouse_HGF_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755763014\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP680.pdf?v=1755762654\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMouse HGF\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241409314997,"sku":"RP680-10UG","price":165.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241409347765,"sku":"RP680-50UG","price":423.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241409380533,"sku":"RP680-1MG","price":3296.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_9ec9b44c-21af-4a24-a3e5-e2bc3043ec83.jpg?v=1750429731"},{"product_id":"human-il1b","title":"Human IL1b","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInterleukin-1 beta (IL1 beta or IL1B) also known as catabolin, is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. IL1 is a name that designates two pleiotropic cytokines, IL-1 alpha (IL-1F1) and IL-1 beta (IL-1F2), which are the products of distinct genes. IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are structurally related polypeptides that share approximately 21% amino acid (aa) identity in human. Both proteins are produced by a wide variety of cells in response to inflammatory agents, infections, or microbial endotoxins. While IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta are regulated independently, they bind to the same receptor and exert identical biological effects. IL-1RI binds directly to IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta and then associates with IL-1R accessory protein (IL-1R3\/IL-1RAcP) to form a high-affinity receptor complex that is competent for signal transduction. IL-1RII has high affinity for IL-1 beta but functions as a decoy receptor and negative regulator of IL-1 beta activity. The human IL-1 beta cDNA encodes a 269 aa precursor. A 116 aa propeptide is cleaved intracellularly by the cysteine protease IL-1 beta converting enzyme (Caspase-1\/ICE) to generate the active cytokine (5-7). The 17 kDa mature human IL-1 beta shares 96% aa sequence identity with rhesus and 67%-78% with canine, cotton rat, equine, feline, mouse, porcine, and rat IL-1 beta.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e1. Allan, S.M. et al. (2005) Nat. Rev. Immunol. 5:629.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e2. Boraschi, D. and A. Tagliabue (2006) Vitam. Horm. 74:229.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e3. Kornman, K.S. (2006) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 83:475S.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e4. Isoda, K. and F. Ohsuzu (2006) J. Atheroscler. Thromb. 13:21.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e5. March, C.J. et al. (1985) Nature 315:641.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e6. Auron, P.E. et al. (1984) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 81:7907.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"\u003e7. Martinon, F. and J. Tschopp (2007) Cell Death Differ. 14:10.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse; height: 156.667px;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 58.75px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 58.75px;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 58.75px;\"\u003eHuman IL1 beta; IL-1 beta; IL-1; IL-1b; IL1-BETA;IL1F2; IL-1 beta; interleukin-1 beta\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.5833px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 19.5833px;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 19.5833px;\"\u003eP01584\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 39.1667px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 58.75px;\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 39.1667px;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human IL1-beta protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.5833px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 19.5833px;\"\u003eAla117-Ser269\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.5833px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 19.5833px;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; height: 19.5833px;\"\u003e17.4 kDa\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured in a cell proliferation assay using D10.G4.1 mouse helper T cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 1-10 pg\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL1b_sds_480x480.jpg?v=1754460311\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL1b_Gel_filtration_480x480.jpg?v=1754460332\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv style=\"text-align: start;\"\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_IL1b_Bioactivity_480x480.jpg?v=1754460347\" alt=\"\" style=\"float: none;\"\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP215.pdf?v=1754459955\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman IL1b\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241409872053,"sku":"RP215-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241409904821,"sku":"RP215-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241409937589,"sku":"RP215-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_8608686d-ed5a-4867-bc6d-1dbfdfed17dd.jpg?v=1750429753"},{"product_id":"human-noggin","title":"Human Noggin","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNoggin is a secreted homodimeric glycoprotein that is an antagonist of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) (1, 2). Human Noggin cDNA encodes a 232 amino acid (aa) precursor protein; cleavage of a 19 aa signal peptide generates the 213 aa mature protein which contains an N-terminal acidic region, a central basic heparin-binding segment and a C-terminal cysteine-knot structure (2). Secreted Noggin probably remains close to the cell surface due to its binding of heparin-containing proteoglycans (3). Noggin is very highly conserved among vertebrates, such that mature human Noggin shares 99%, 99%, 98%, 97% and 89% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, bovine, equine and chicken Noggin, respectively. Noggin binds some BMPs such as BMP -4 with high affinity and others such as BMP-7 with lower affinity. It antagonizes BMP bioactivities by blocking epitopes on BMPs that are needed for binding to both type I and type II receptors (2, 4). During embryogenesis, Noggin antagonizes specific BMPs at defined times, for example, during neural tube, somite and cardiomyocyte growth and patterning (5-7). During skeletal development, Noggin prevents chondrocyte hyperplasia, thus allowing proper formation of joints (4). Mutations within the cysteine-knot region of human Noggin are linked to multiple types of skeletal dysplasias that result in apical joint fusions (8). Noggin is expressed in defined areas of the adult central nervous system and peripheral tissues such as lung, skeletal muscle and skin (1)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Valenzuela, D.M. et al. (1995) J. Neurosci. 15:6077.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Groppe, J. et al. (2002) Nature 420:636.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Paine-Saunders, S et al. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277:2089.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Brunet, L. J. et al. (1998) Science 280:1455.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. McMahon, J. A. et al. (1998) Genes Dev. 12:1438.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Itsykson, P. et al. (2005) Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 30:24.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Yuasa, S. et al. (2005) Nat. Biotechnol. 23:607.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Gong, Y. et al. (1999) Nat. Genet. 21:302.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eNOG; Noggin; SYM1; symphalangism 1 (proximal); synostoses (multiple) syndrome 1; SYNS1; SYNS1A\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eQ13253\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human Noggin protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eGln28-Cys232\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e23.1 kDa (Monomer)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eForm\/Structure\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDisulfide-linked homodimer\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured by its ability to inhibit BMP4-induced alkaline phosphatase production by MC3T3E1 mouse preosteoblast cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 5-40 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_Noggin_SDS-PAGE_68618417-e729-47ec-96ed-c068e1c1d755.jpg?v=1755249465\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_Noggin_Bioactivity_3f58729d-605c-47ba-a527-5d34573f27c6.jpg?v=1755249465\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP490.pdf?v=1755249491\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman Noggin\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241410134197,"sku":"RP490-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241410166965,"sku":"RP490-50UG","price":464.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241410199733,"sku":"RP490-1MG","price":3708.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_a6bda58c-8579-4ea1-9fa4-7169bddf0baa.jpg?v=1750429765"},{"product_id":"human-hgf","title":"Human HGF","description":"\u003ch2\u003eBcakground\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFHepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) also known as scatter factor and hepatopoietin A, is a pleiotropic protein in the plasminogen subfamily of S1 peptidases. It is a multidomain molecule that includes an N-terminal PAN\/APPLE-like domain, four Kringle domains, and a serine proteinase-like domain that has no detectable protease activity (1-5). Human HGF is secreted as an inactive 728 amino acid (aa) single chain propeptide. It is cleaved after the fourth Kringle domain by a serine protease to form bioactive disulfide-linked HGF with a 60 kDa alpha and 30 kDa beta chain. Alternate splicing generates human HGF isoforms that lack the proteinase-like domain and different numbers of the Kringle domains. Human HGF shares 91%-94% aa sequence identity with bovine, canine, feline, mouse, and rat HGF. HGF binds heparan-sulfate proteoglycans and the widely expressed receptor tyrosine kinase, HGF R\/c-MET (6, 7). HGF-dependent c-MET activation is implicated in the development of many human cancers (8). HGF regulates epithelial morphogenesis by inducing cell scattering and branching tubulogenesis (9, 10). HGF induces the up-regulation of integrin alpha 2 beta 1 in epithelial cells by a selective increase in alpha 2 gene transcription (11). This integrin serves as a collagen I receptor, and its blockade disrupts epithelial cell branching tubulogenesis (11, 12). HGF can also alter epithelium morphology by the induction of nectin-1 alpha ectodomain shedding, an adhesion protein component of adherens junctions (13). In the thyroid, HGF induces the proliferation, motility, and loss of differentiation markers of thyrocytes and inhibits TSH-stimulated iodine uptake (14). HGF promotes the motility of cardiac stem cells in damaged myocardium (15).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eReference\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1. Karihaloo, A. et al. (2005) Nephron Exp. Nephrol. 100:e40.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e2. Hammond, D.E. et al. (2004) Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 286:21.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3. Rosario, M. and W. Birchmeier (2004) Dev. Cell 7:3.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4. Lesk, A.M. and W.D. Fordham (1996) J. Mol. Biol. 258:501.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5. Nakamura, T. et al. (1989) Nature 342:440.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6. Mizuno, K., et al. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269:1131.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7. Gheradi, E. et al. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:12039.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8. Corso, S. et al. (2005) Trends Mol. Med. 11:284.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9. Maeshima, A. et al. (2000) Kid. Int. 58:1511.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10. Montesano, R. et al. (1991) Cell 67:901.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11. Chiu, S-J. et al. (2002) J. Biomed. Sci. 9:261.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12. Saelman, E.U.M. et al. (1995) J. Cell Sci. 108:3531.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13. Tanaka, Y. et al. (2002) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 299:472.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14. Mineo, R. et al. (1994) Endocrinology 145:4355.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15. Urbanek, K. et al. (2005) Circ. Res. 97:663.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSpecifications\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSynonyms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDFNB39; EC 3.4.21; EC 3.4.21.7; fibroblast-derived tumor cytotoxic factor; F-TCF;HGF; HGFB; HPTA\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAccession #\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eP14210\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSource\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eHuman embryonic kidney cell, HEK293-derived human HGF protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eGln32-Ser728\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePredicted Moleucular weight\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e53.7 kDa ( alpha chain) + 26 kDa ( beta chain)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eComponents and Storage\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eFormulation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eSolution protein\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eDissolved in sterile PBS buffer.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThis solution can be diluted into other aqueous buffers. Centrifuge the vial prior to opening.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eStorage and Stability\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eAvoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eIt is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eShipping with dry ice.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eQuality\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" style=\"width: 90%; border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003ePurity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026gt; 95%, determined by SDS-PAGE.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eEndotoxin Level\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.010 EU per 1 ug of the protein by the LAL method.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eActivity\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eMeasured by its ability to induce IL-11 secretion by Saos-2 human osteosarcoma cells.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 50%; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle;\"\u003eThe EC50 for this effect is 0.05-0.2 ng\/mL.\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eSDS-PAGE\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_HGF_SDS-PAGE.jpg?v=1755151963\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eGel filtration\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_HGF_Gel_filtration.jpg?v=1755151963\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eBioactivity\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/Human_HGF_Bioactivity.jpg?v=1755151963\" alt=\"\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eDocuments\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/RP430.pdf?v=1755151434\" type=\"application\/pdf\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHuman HGF\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Bostonmolecules","offers":[{"title":"10ug","offer_id":51241410396341,"sku":"RP430-10UG","price":204.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"50ug","offer_id":51241410429109,"sku":"RP430-50UG","price":567.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"1mg","offer_id":51241410461877,"sku":"RP430-1MG","price":4738.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0521\/5312\/2997\/files\/HumanIL1a_51d7cd1d-7289-4a03-aacb-e7c139f4471f.jpg?v=1750429774"}],"url":"https:\/\/biofargo.com\/collections\/recombinate-protein.oembed?page=5","provider":"Biofargo","version":"1.0","type":"link"}